Rig Veda 1.3.12: Mandala 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 12
Sukta 1.3
Rishi: Madhucchandā Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.11; RV 1.3 commonly placed under Vaiśvāmitra-collection—exact rishi for this specific mantra varies by anukramaṇī traditions)
Devata: Sarasvatī (as inspirer of dhī and luminous guidance)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; standard for early Mandala 1 invocations)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
महो अर्णः सरस्वती प्र चेतयति केतुना । धियो विश्वा वि राजति ॥
Transliteration
maho arṇaḥ sárasvatī prá cétayati ketúnā | dhíyo víśvā ví rājati ||
Translation
Saraswati, rozległa powódź promienistej pełni, budzi w nas swoim sztandarem rozeznania, a wszystkie natchnione myśli jaśnieją w swojej pełnej blasku okazałości.
Word by Word
महोgreat, vast
महो:
विशेषणम् (कर्म/अधिकरण-सम्बद्धम्; ‘अर्णः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक) → महा-
अर्णःflood, wave, stream (waters)
अर्णः:
कर्तृ (प्रचेत्तयति इत्यस्य कर्ता; सरस्वती-सम्बद्धं ‘महद् अर्णः’)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णस् (प्रातिपदिक)
सरस्वतीSarasvatī (the goddess/river)
सरस्वती:
कर्तृ (प्रचेत्तयति, विराजति—उभयोः कर्ता)
TypeNoun (proper/theonym)
Rootसरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth, forward, fully
प्र:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (प्रचेत्तयति इत्यस्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
चेतयतिmakes known, causes to perceive, awakens
चेतयति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootचि/चित् (धातु: ‘to perceive, notice’) → चेतयति (णिच्-प्रयोगः)
केतुनाby (her) banner/sign, by her light/mark
केतुना:
करणम्
TypeNoun
Rootकेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
धियःthoughts, insights, prayers
धियः:
कर्म (विराजति इत्यस्य; ‘धियः’ = thoughts/insights that shine)
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वाःall
विश्वाः:
विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, widely, distinctly
वि:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (राजति इत्यस्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
राजतिshines, is resplendent
राजति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootराज् (धातु: ‘to shine, be splendid’)
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.