Rig Veda 1.124.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 124, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.124
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa
Devata: Uṣas
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उपो अदर्शि शुन्ध्युवो न वक्षो नोधा इवाविरकृत प्रियाणि । अद्मसन्न ससतो बोधयन्ती शश्वत्तमागात्पुनरेयुषीणाम् ॥
Transliteration
úpó adarśi śundhyúvo ná vákṣo nodhā́ iva āvír akṛta priyā́ṇi | admasán ná sasató bodháyantī śaśvat-tamā́gāt púnar ā́īyuṣīṇām ||
Translation
Ukazała się, czysta jak jasna pierś, i jak Nodhas objawiła to, co drogie. Budząc śpiących jak z domu, najtrwalsza Jutrzenka przybywa znów pośród tych, którzy powracają.
Word by Word
उपोnear, towards; up (as preverb/particle)
उपो:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/निपात) अथवा उपो = उप + उ
अदर्शिwas seen; appeared
अदर्शि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (दर्शन) < दॄश्
शुन्ध्युवःthe bright/cleansing ones (i.e., radiant [rays/mares])
शुन्ध्युवः:
Kartā (with implied verb of comparison) / Viśeṣya in simile
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun
Rootशुन्ध्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘शुद्ध/दीप्त’ भाव) अथवा शुन्ध्-सम्बद्ध विशेषण
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-निपात) / न (निषेध) — here upamā
वक्षःbreast, chest
वक्षः:
Karma (in implied comparison) / Viśeṣya
TypeNoun
Rootवक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नोधाःNodhas (a seer)
नोधाः:
Kartā (in simile: ‘like Nodhas’)
TypeProper Noun
Rootनोधा (ऋषिनाम; प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (उपमा-निपात)
आविःopenly, manifestly
आविः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआविस्/आविः (अव्यय)
अकृतmade; has made
अकृत:
—
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करण) + अ (अङ्ग/अग्म) → लुङ्/लिट्-प्रयोग; here injunctive/aorist-like perfective
प्रियाणिdear things; pleasant (deeds/gifts)
प्रियाणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
अद्मसत्as at a meal; as one seated for eating (idiomatically: ‘as if at a feast’)
अद्मसत्:
—
TypeAdjective / Participle-like (Vedic) used adverbially
Rootअद्मसत् (वैदिक रूप; √अद् ‘भक्षण’ से ‘अद्मन्’/‘अद्म’ सम्बद्ध; ‘भोज/आहार’ अथवा ‘अद्मसद्’ = ‘भोजन-आसीन’/‘भोजने स्थित’)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-निपात)
ससतःof the pursuing/striving ones; of the eager (men)
ससतः:
Sampradāna/Adhikaraṇa (genitive of those being addressed/affected) بحسب अर्थ
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootससत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सतत/शीघ्रगामी/अनुसरन्’ भाव; RV usage) अथवा √सस्/संस् ‘to pursue’ से
बोधयन्तीawakening; causing to notice
बोधयन्ती:
Kartā
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootबुध् (बोधन) → causative बोधय-
शश्वत्तमmost constantly; ever again
शश्वत्तम:
Karma/Adverbial (kriyā-viśeṣaṇa)
TypeAdjective (superlative)
Rootशश्वत् (सदा) + तमप्
आगात्came; arrived
आगात्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (गमन) + आ (उपसर्ग)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
एयुषीणाम्of the returning ones; of those who have gone/come (back)
एयुषीणाम्:
Apādāna/Adhikaraṇa (genitive: ‘of those who have gone/come’, i.e., returning ones) بحسب अर्थ
TypeNoun/Adjective (f.)
Rootएयुषी (स्त्री; √इ ‘to go’ से ‘एयुष्/एयुषी’ ‘going/coming’)
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