Rig Veda 7.49.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 49, Mantra 3
Sukta 7.49
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha
Devata: Āpaḥ (Waters) with Varuṇa explicitly present as ṛta-guardian
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यासां राजा वरुणो याति मध्ये सत्यानृते अवपश्यञ्जनानाम् । मधुश्चुतः शुचयो याः पावकास्ता आपो देवीरिह मामवन्तु ॥
Transliteration
yā́sāṃ rājā́ váruṇo yā́ti mádhye satyānṛté avapáśyan jánānām | madhú-ścutaḥ śúcayo yā́ḥ pāvakā́s tā́ ā́po devī́r ihá mām avantu ||
Translation
ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਜਲਾਂ ਦੇ ਵਿਚਕਾਰ ਰਾਜਾ ਵਰੁਣ ਚਲਦਾ ਹੈ, ਮਨੁੱਖਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸੱਚ ਅਤੇ ਝੂਠ ਨੂੰ ਵੇਖਦਾ ਹੋਇਆ—ਮਧੁ ਟਪਕਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ, ਸ਼ੁਚਿ, ਪਾਵਕ, ਚਮਕਦਾਰ ਉਹ ਜਲ-ਦੇਵੀਆਂ ਇੱਥੇ ਮੇਰੀ ਰੱਖਿਆ ਕਰਨ।
Word by Word
यासाम्of which (waters)
यासाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → या-
राजाthe king
राजा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
वरुणःVaruṇa
वरुणः:
कर्तृ (राजा-वरुणः = apposition)
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
यातिgoes
याति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) ‘to go’
मध्येin the midst
मध्ये:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
सत्यानृतेin truth and untruth
सत्यानृते:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootसत्य + अनृत (प्रातिपदिक-द्वन्द्व/समाहार)
अवपश्यन्seeing, beholding
अवपश्यन्:
कर्तृ (याति-क्रियायाः सहवर्ती)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootअव + √पश् (धातु) ‘to see’
जनानाम्of the people
जनानाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
मधुश्चुतःhoney-dripping
मधुश्चुतः:
कर्तृ/विशेषण (आपः-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootमधु + √च्युत्/√च्यु (धातु) ‘to drip, flow’ → च्युत (कृदन्त) ; समास: मधु-च्युत
शुचयःpure, bright
शुचयः:
कर्तृ/विशेषण (आपः-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
याःwhich
याः:
कर्तृ (आपः-सम्बन्धी)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → या-
पावकाःpurifying
पावकाः:
कर्तृ/विशेषण (आपः-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपावक (प्रातिपदिक) < √पू (धातु) ‘to purify’
ताःthose
ताः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → ता-
आपःwaters
आपः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootआप् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘waters’)
देवीःgoddesses, divine
देवीः:
कर्तृ/विशेषण (आपः-विशेषण)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
इहhere
इह:
अधिकरण (देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
माम्me
माम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अवन्तुmay (they) help/protect
अवन्तु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअव् (धातु) ‘to help, protect’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free Google sign-in keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.