Rig Veda 8.40.5: Mandala 8, Sukta 40, Mantra 5

Sukta 8.40

Rishi: Nabhāka (explicitly referenced)

Devata: Indrāgnī (with Indra highlighted as īśāna)

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; needs metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र ब्रह्माणि नभाकवदिन्द्राग्निभ्यामिरज्यत । या सप्तबुध्नमर्णवं जिह्मबारमपोर्णुत इन्द्र ईशान ओजसा नभन्तामन्यके समे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.40.5

Transliteration

prá bráhmāṇi nabhā́kavad indrā́gníbhyām irajyata | yā́ saptá-budhnam arṇaváṃ jihmá-bāram aporṇutá índra ī́śāna ójasā nábhantām anyaké samé ||

Translation

Lepaskanlah brahmāṇi (rumusan suci), sebagaimana Nabhāka dahulu, untuk Indra dan Agni. Mereka yang membuka lautan berasas tujuh, kurungan berpalis serong itu—Indra, penguasa dengan kekuatannya—biarlah yang lain berserak di medan yang sama.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• ब्रह्माणि: sacred formulations, hymns
• ब्रह्माणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नभाकवद्: (hymns) like those of Nabhāka / Nabhāka-like
• नभाकवद्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नभाकवत् (प्रातिपदिक; नाभाक-वत्)

• इन्द्राग्निभ्याम्: by/with Indra and Agni
• इन्द्राग्निभ्याम्: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र + अग्नि (समास-प्रातिपदिक)

• इरज्यत: was set in motion / was stirred
• इरज्यत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: रज् (धातु; रज्यति/रज्यते ‘to be colored, to be excited; to be set in motion’)

• या: she who
• या: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सप्तबुध्नम्: having seven depths/bottoms
• सप्तबुध्नम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त + बुध्न (समास-प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्णवम्: flood, ocean
• अर्णवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्णव (प्रातिपदिक)

• जिह्मबारम्: with crooked/obstructing barriers
• जिह्मबारम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जिह्म + बार (समास-प्रातिपदिक)

• अपोर्णुत: opened, uncovered
• अपोर्णुत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अप + वृ (धातु; वृणोति ‘to cover, to enclose’; with अप- ‘to uncover/open’)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• ईशानः: ruling, sovereign
• ईशानः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ईशान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √ईश् ‘to rule, possess’)

• ओजसा: with might, by strength
• ओजसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नभन्ताम्: let them burst forth / let them spring out
• नभन्ताम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: नभ् (धातु; ‘to burst forth/shine?’ Vedic: ‘to spring forth, to break out’)

• अन्यके: in another (place/way)
• अन्यके: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्यक (प्रातिपदिक; ‘other, another’)

• समे: in the level/plain (ground), in sameness
• समे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सम (प्रातिपदिक)