Rig Veda 8.31.13: Mandala 8, Sukta 31, Mantra 13
Sukta 8.31
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; aṣṭaka 8 predominantly Kaṇva hymns)
Devata: Mitra–Aryaman–Varuṇa (Ādityas) safeguarding Ṛta
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires full metrical count verification against pada text)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यथा नो मित्रो अर्यमा वरुणः सन्ति गोपाः । सुगा ऋतस्य पन्थाः ॥
Transliteration
yáthā no mitró aryamā́ váruṇaḥ sánti gopā́ḥ | sugā́ ṛtásya pánthāḥ ||
Translation
Semoga demikian bagi kami: Mitra, Aryaman, dan Varuṇa berdiri sebagai para penjaga Cahaya di dalam; semoga jalan-jalan Ṛta menjadi mudah dan elok dilalui bagi perjalanan kami.
Word by Word
यथाjust as / as
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us / for us
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मित्रःMitra
मित्रः:
कर्तृ (with implied ‘be/are’)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्यमाAryaman
अर्यमा:
कर्तृ (with implied ‘be/are’)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्यमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
वरुणःVaruṇa
वरुणः:
कर्तृ (with implied ‘be/are’)
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
सन्तिare
सन्ति:
— (copula: links subject to predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
गोपाःcow-protectors / guardians
गोपाः:
प्रथमा-सम्बन्ध (predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootगोपा (प्रातिपदिक; गो + पा ‘protector of cows’)
सुगाeasy to go / good
सुगा:
विशेषण (of the path)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-ग (प्रातिपदिक; सु + गा/ग ‘going, passage’; वैदिक ‘सुगा’ = ‘good-going/easy to go’)
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order / truth)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of ṛta’)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
पन्थाःpath / way
पन्थाः:
कर्तृ/विषय (with implied ‘be’): ‘the path (is)…’
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्/पन्था (प्रातिपदिक)
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