Rig Veda 5.86.2: Mandala 5, Sukta 86, Mantra 2
Sukta 5.86
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Indra-Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
या पृतनासु दुष्टरा या वाजेषु श्रवाय्या । या पञ्च चर्षणीरभीन्द्राग्नी ता हवामहे ॥
Transliteration
yā́ pṛ́tanāsu duṣṭárā yā́ vā́jeṣu śravā́yyā | yā́ páñca carṣaṇī́r abhī́ndrāgnī tā́ havāmahe ||
Translation
Kuasa Indra–Agni yang sukar ditempuh dalam pertempuran, yang mendatangkan kemasyhuran yang didengar dalam kelimpahan (vāja), yang berdiri berhadapan serta mengangkat lima kaum—Indra dan Agni, itulah yang kami seru.
Word by Word
याshe who / which
या:
Kartā (relative subject) / viśeṣaṇa of implied ‘देवी/शक्ति’
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: य-)
पृतनासुin battles
पृतनासु:
Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘in battles’)
TypeNoun
Rootपृतना (प्रातिपदिक) < √पृत्/पॄ (to fight) (etym.)
दुष्टराhard to overcome / difficult to cross
दुष्टरा:
Kartā/viśeṣaṇa (predicate adjective to ‘या’)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्-तर (प्रातिपदिक); तर = comparative from √तॄ (to cross) with दुṣ- prefix
याshe who
या:
Kartā (relative subject)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: य-)
वाजेषुin races/contests; in prizes
वाजेषु:
Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘in contests/prizes’)
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक)
श्रवाय्याbringing fame / worthy of fame
श्रवाय्या:
Kartā/viśeṣaṇa (predicate adjective to ‘या’)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रवाय्य (प्रातिपदिक) < श्रवस् (fame) + -आय्य (desiderative/aptative adj. suffix in Vedic)
याshe who
या:
Kartā (relative subject)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: य-)
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Viśeṣaṇa (of चर्षणीनाम्, implied)
TypeNumeral
Rootपञ्चन् (numeral stem)
चर्षणीर्peoples / tribes
चर्षणीर्:
Karma (object of अभि ‘towards/against’ in sense ‘over/for the peoples’)
TypeNoun
Rootचर्षणी (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिtowards, over, against
अभि:
Directional marker (governing the object ‘चर्षणीः’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (upasarga/preposition)
इन्द्राग्नीO Indra and Agni
इन्द्राग्नी:
Sampradāna (addressee of invocation) / Sambodhana
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootइन्द्र + अग्नि (dvandva compound)
ताthose two (you two)
ता:
Karma (object of हवामहे)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: त-)
हवामहेwe invoke / we call upon
हवामहे:
Kriyā (main verb); Kartā = वयम् (implied ‘we’)
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वा (ह्वयति/हवते) ‘to call, invoke’
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