Rig Veda 10.76.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 76, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.76

Rishi: As per Anukramaṇī for RV 10.76; exact rishi not supplied in input

Devata: Soma/Indra complex; Tvaṣṭṛ referenced as fashioner

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

तदिद्ध्यस्य सवनं विवेरपो यथा पुरा मनवे गातुमश्रेत् । गोअर्णसि त्वाष्ट्रे अश्वनिर्णिजि प्रेमध्वरेष्वध्वराँ अशिश्रयुः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.76.3

Transliteration

tád íd dhy asyá sávanaṃ vivér apo yáthā purā́ mánave gātúm áśret | goárṇasi tvā́ṣṭre áśvanirṇiji préma dhvaréṣv adhvarā́m aśiśrayuḥ ||

Translation

Sesungguhnya pemerasan itulah yang membuka Perairan, sebagaimana dahulu ia menyediakan bagi Manu suatu jalan untuk dilalui. Di ranah yang kaya-sapi (go-arṇas), dalam tertib buatan Tvaṣṭṛ, yang diserlahkan-kuda, mereka menggerakkan yajña-yajña ke hadapan dalam upacara-upacara: demikianlah semoga persembahan benar kami membuka perairan batin dan mencipta jalan bagi manusia.

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Word by Word

• तत्: that, it
• तत्: Karma (अर्थतः ‘तत्’ = ‘that/it’ as object of knowing) / (सन्दर्भे)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• अस्य: of him/this
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘of him/it’
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्य

• सवनम्: the Soma-pressing; the libation
• सवनम्: Karma (वि-वेद ‘knows’ what?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवन (प्रातिपदिक; √सु ‘press’ → सवन ‘pressing/oblation-time’)

• विवेद: has found/known
• विवेद: Kartā-क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया) — ‘(he) has known’
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने) with preverb वि-; perfect

• अपः: the waters
• अपः: Karma (विवेद … अपः = ‘found the waters’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्/आप् (प्रातिपदिक ‘water’)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• पुरा: formerly, of old
• पुरा: Adhikaraṇa (काल) — ‘formerly’
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा (अव्यय)

• मनवे: for Manu
• मनवे: Sampradāna (दत्त/लाभार्थ) — ‘for Manu’
• Type: Noun (proper/ancestor)
• Root: मनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• गातुम्: a path, passage
• गातुम्: Karma (अश्रेৎ/अश्रेत् ‘reached’ what?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गातु (प्रातिपदिक; √गा/गम् ‘go’ → ‘path/going’)

• अश्रेत्: reached, attained
• अश्रेत्: Kartā-क्रिया (उपवाक्य-क्रिया) — ‘(he/it) reached/attained’
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रि (श्रि॒ञ् सेवायाम्/आश्रयणे) with preverb आ- (sense ‘reach/attain/lean to’); injunctive/aorist form in Vedic

• गोअर्णसि: in the cow-flood; in the flood of cows (abundance)
• गोअर्णसि: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान) — ‘in/at the cow-flood (abounding in cattle/streams)’
• Type: Noun (compound) / Adjectival epithet
• Root: गो-अर्णस् (समास; गो ‘cow’ + अर्णस् ‘flood/wave, stream’)

• त्वाष्ट्रे: in the Tvāṣṭra (of Tvaṣṭṛ)
• त्वाष्ट्रे: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान/विषय) — ‘in the Tvāṣṭra (sphere/rite)’
• Type: Adjective (patronymic) / Noun
• Root: त्वाष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘belonging to Tvaṣṭṛ’)

• अश्वनिर्णिजि: in the horse-armour/covering (radiant gear)
• अश्वनिर्णिजि: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान/विषय) — ‘in the horse-covering/armour (radiance)’
• Type: Noun (compound) / Epithet
• Root: अश्व-निर्णिज् (समास; अश्व ‘horse’ + निर्णिज् ‘covering/armour, bright garment’)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• एम्: along, onward
• एम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एम् (अव्यय; वैदिक गत्यर्थ-निपात)

• अध्वरेषु: in the rites/sacrifices
• अध्वरेषु: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान) — ‘in the sacrifices’
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक ‘sacrifice/rite’)

• अध्वरान्: the sacrifices/rites
• अध्वरान्: Karma (अशिश्रयुः ‘resorted to’ what?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)

• अशिश्रयुः: they have resorted/attached themselves
• अशिश्रयुः: Kartā-क्रिया — ‘they have taken refuge/resorted’
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रि (श्रि॒ञ् आश्रयणे) with preverb आ-; reduplicated perfect (Vedic)