Rig Veda 1.22.20: Mandala 1, Sukta 22, Mantra 20
Sukta 1.22
Rishi: Medhātithi Kāṇva
Devata: Viṣṇu
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तद्विष्णोः परमं पदं सदा पश्यन्ति सूरयः । दिवीव चक्षुराततम् ॥
Transliteration
tad viṣṇoḥ paramam padaṃ sadā paśyanti sūrayaḥ | divīva cakṣur ātatam ||
Translation
Langkah tertinggi Viṣṇu itu para ṛṣi yang bercahaya sentiasa memandang—seperti mata yang terbentang di langit: penglihatan yang tetap akan kedudukan tertinggi kesedaran.
Word by Word
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (पर॒मं प॒दं = ‘that highest step/place’ का विशेषण/निर्देशक)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विष्णोःof Viṣṇu
विष्णोः:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः: ‘of Viṣṇu’)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
परमम्highest, supreme
परमम्:
Karma (पदं का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
पदम्step; place; station
पदम्:
Karma (पश्यन्ति का कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण: ‘always’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
पश्यन्तिthey see
पश्यन्ति:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (दृश्-अर्थे)
सूरयःseers; inspired sages
सूरयः:
Kartā (पश्यन्ति का कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसूरि (प्रातिपदिक)
दिविin heaven
दिवि:
Adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण: ‘in heaven’)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (स्त्रीलिङ्ग/प्रातिपदिक: ‘द्यौ/दिव्’)
इवlike, as
इव:
(Upamā marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
चक्षुःeye
चक्षुः:
Kartā/Upamāna (आततम् इति विशेषणयुक्तं; ‘like an eye’—उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
आततम्stretched out; spread forth
आततम्:
(Predicate adjective within simile)
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Rootआ-√तन् (धातु) → क्त (कृदन्त)
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