Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.16: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 16

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya · Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Spoken by Kausalya to BharataSetting: Ayodhya

Devanagari script

इदं हि तव विस्तीर्णं धनधान्यसमाचितम् ।

हस्त्वश्वरथसम्पूर्णं राज्यं निर्यातितं तया ॥१६॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.75.16

Transliteration

idaṃ hi tava vistīrṇaṃ dhanadhānyasamācitam |

hastyaśvarathasampūrṇaṃ rājyaṃ niryātitaṃ tayā ||16||

Translation

Kerana kerajaanmu yang luas ini—penuh harta dan bijirin, lengkap dengan gajah, kuda dan rata—telah diserahkan kepadamu olehnya.

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Word by Word

• idam: this
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)

• hi: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (indeed/for)
• Role: Prayojaka-nipāta (निपात-प्रयोग)

• tava: your
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)

• vistīrṇam: vast
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vistīrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)

• dhana-dhānya-samācitam: filled with wealth and grain
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhana+dhānya+samācita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण; (धन-धान्ययोः द्वन्द्व + समाचित = filled with)
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)
• Compound: Dvandva

• hasti-aśva-ratha-sampūrṇam: abounding in elephants, horses, and chariots
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hasti+aśva+ratha+sampūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण; (हस्ति-अश्व-रथ द्वन्द्व + सम्पूर्ण = full of)
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)
• Compound: Dvandva

• rājyam: kingdom
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)

• niryātitam: delivered/handed over
• Type: Verb
• Root: nis-√yā (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगार्थ (handed over/delivered)
• Role: Kriyā (क्रिया)

• tayā: by her
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
• Role: Karaṇa (करण)

Sandhi Notes

• dhanadhānyasamācitam→dhana-dhānya-samācitam
• hastvaśvarathasampūrṇaṃ→hasti-aśva-ratha-sampūrṇam

Context

This vast kingdom, with all its abundance of wealth and grain, elephants, horses and chariots has been delivered to you by her.

The teaching

A kingdom’s abundance cannot sanctify an unjust transfer; legitimacy rests on dharma, not on resources.

Duties in tension

• Rājadharma (rightful succession) vs personal desire/boon politics
• Family loyalty vs political ambition

Ethical theme

Rājadharma; legitimacy and justice

How it resolves

Exposure/indictment of material transfer (sets stage for Bharata’s ethical response later)

For your practice

Reflection on non-attachment to power and wealth; choosing righteousness over gain.

Mood and themes

Rasa

Raudra (fury), with Karuna (compassion)

Mood

Accusatory, political, wounded

Themes

• Dharma
• Satya
• Maryada
• Itihasa
• Ethics
• Rājadharma
• Power and legitimacy

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Kausalyā
• Bharata
• Kaikeyī
• Ayodhyā (implied kingdom)
• elephants
• horses
• chariots

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It highlights the moral tension between political transfer of power and ethical legitimacy—mere possession of kingdom is not equivalent to righteous entitlement.

What is the narrative situation?

Kausalyā accuses Bharata by pointing out that the kingdom’s control has been arranged and delivered to him through Kaikeyī’s actions.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Implicitly, Bharata’s integrity is being tested—whether he will reject unrighteous gain.