Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.17 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 17

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

इत्यादिबहुभिर्वाक्यैः क्रूरैः सम्भर्त्सितोऽनघः।विव्यथे भरतस्तीव्रं व्रणे तुद्येव सूचिना।।।।

Transliteration

ityādibahubhir vākyaiḥ krūraiḥ sambhartsito 'naghaḥ | vivyathe bharatas tīvraṃ vraṇe tudyeva sūcinā ||

Translation

Dihardik dengan banyak kata-kata kejam demikian, Bharata yang tidak berdosa terasa pedih amat, bagaikan luka dicucuk jarum.

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta/quotative particle (निपातः), indeclinable

• ādi: and so on
• ādi: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); used in sense 'etc.' with iti

• bahubhiḥ: by many
• bahubhiḥ: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with vākyaiḥ

• vākyaiḥ: with words/sentences
• vākyaiḥ: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• krūraiḥ: harsh
• krūraiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: krūra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifies vākyaiḥ

• sambhartsitaḥ: reproached
• sambhartsitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam+bharts (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (कृत्: क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); passive sense 'having been reproached'

• anaghaḥ: sinless
• anaghaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anagha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); epithet of Bharata

• vivyathe: was deeply pained/afflicted
• vivyathe: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi+vyath (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपदम)

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tīvram: intensely
• tīvram: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tīvra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial use qualifying vivyathe

• vraṇe: in a wound
• vraṇe: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• tudya: being pierced
• tudya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tud (धातु)
• Form: Present passive participle/gerundive-like usage (कृत्: य), indeclinable-like in simile; from √tud 'to pierce' meaning 'being pierced' (contextual)

• iva: as if/like
• iva: Upamana-marker (उपमानसूचकः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-avyaya (उपमाव्यय), indeclinable

• sūcinā: by a needle
• sūcinā: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūci (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

Thus reproached by many a harsh word, like needle pricking a wound, the sinless Bharata was intensely pained.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kausalyā (implied as source of harsh words)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes fairness in judgment: condemning the blameless is portrayed as a moral injury, deepening suffering rather than restoring righteousness.

What is the narrative situation?

After Kausalyā’s harsh reproaches, the narration describes Bharata’s intense inner pain.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s blamelessness (anaghatva) and sensitivity—his conscience is wounded by unjust suspicion.