Valmiki Ramayana 2.49.13: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 49, Shloka 13

एकोनपञ्चाशः सर्गः (Sarga 49): Rāma’s Night Journey Beyond Kosala and the Charioteer Address

Devanagari script

स महीं मनुना राज्ञा दत्तामिक्ष्वाकवे पुरा ।

स्फीतां राष्ट्रावृतां रामो वैदेहीमन्वदर्शयत् ॥१३॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.49.13

Transliteration

sa mahīṁ manunā rājñā dattām ikṣvākave purā |

sphītāṁ rāṣṭrāvṛtāṁ rāmo vaidehīm anvadarśayat ||13||

Translation

Rama memperlihatkan kepada Vaidehī bumi yang makmur, dilingkungi kerajaan-kerajaan—yang dahulu Raja Manu kurniakan kepada Ikṣvāku.

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Word by Word

• सः: he (Rama)
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• महीम्: the land
• महीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• मनुना: by Manu
• मनुना: Kartr-karana in passive sense (कर्तृ-करण/हेतुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया; एकवचन

• राज्ञा: by the king
• राज्ञा: Kartr-karana in passive sense (कर्तृ-करण/हेतुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया; एकवचन; मनुना इत्यस्य विशेषण (apposition)

• दत्ताम्: given/bestowed
• दत्ताम्: Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; विशेषण महीम्

• इक्ष्वाकवे: to Ikṣvāku
• इक्ष्वाकवे: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इक्ष्वाकु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी (Dative); एकवचन

• पुरा: formerly
• पुरा: Kalam (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of time: formerly)

• स्फीताम्: vast/prosperous
• स्फीताम्: Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्फीत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; विशेषण महीम्

• राष्ट्रावृताम्: surrounded by kingdoms
• राष्ट्रावृताम्: Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: राष्ट्र + आवृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; विशेषण महीम्; तत्पुरुषः: राष्ट्रैः आवृता (surrounded by kingdoms)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन

• वैदेहीम्: Vaidehī (Sītā)
• वैदेहीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैदेही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• अन्वदर्शयत्: showed
• अन्वदर्शयत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-√दृश्/दर्शय् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; णिच्-प्रत्यय (causative) ‘दर्शयति’ = causes to see/shows

Context

Rama showed Sita vast tracts of land encircled by kingdoms which were formerly bestowed upon Ikshvaku by emperor Manu.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sītā (Vaidehī)
• Manu
• Ikṣvāku

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is framed as inherited responsibility: the land and kingship are not mere possessions but a sacred trust transmitted through righteous lineage (Manu → Ikṣvāku), implying duty toward the realm.

What is the narrative situation?

As they travel, Rama points out to Sītā a historically significant territory associated with his dynasty’s origins.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Historical consciousness and reverence for tradition—Rama connects present experience to ancestral duty and rightful order.