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Atharva Veda 5.21.4: Kanda 5, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 4

Sukta 21

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यथा॑ मृ॒गाः सं॑वि॒जन्त॑ आर॒ण्याः पुरु॑षा॒दधि॑ । ए॒वा त्वं दु॑न्दुभे॒ऽमित्रा॑न॒भि क्र॑न्द॒ प्र त्रा॑स॒याथो॑ चि॒त्तानि॑ मोहय

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 5.21.4
IAST Transliteration

yáthā mṛgā́ḥ saṃvijánte āraṇyā́ḥ púruṣād ádhi | evā́ tvaṃ dundubhe ’mitrā́n abhí kranda prá trāsayā́tho cittā́ni mohaya

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

As forest beasts are scattered in alarm at a man’s approach, so thou, O Drum—roar against the enemies; drive them forth in terror, and moreover bewilder their minds.

Translation

Seperti binatang-binatang rimba berselerak kerana cemas apabila seorang manusia mendekat, demikianlah engkau, wahai Dundubhi (gendang perang)—ngaumlah terhadap musuh; halau mereka dalam ketakutan, dan lagi kaburkanlah fikiran mereka.

Word by Word
यथाjust as / as
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
मृगाःwild animals / deer
मृगाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक)
संविजन्तेtremble together / are startled
संविजन्ते:
Kriyā (कर्तृ-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√विज् (विजँ, ‘कम्पने/भये’) + सम्
आरण्याःof the forest / wild
आरण्याः:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआरण्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अरण्य-सम्बन्धी’)
पुरुषात्from a man / from a person
पुरुषात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
अधिbecause of / in regard to / near
अधि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
एवjust so / indeed
एव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दुन्दुभेO drum (war-drum)
दुन्दुभे:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootदुन्दुभि (प्रातिपदिक)
अमित्रान्enemies
अमित्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिtowards / against
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
क्रन्दcry out / roar
क्रन्द:
Kriyā (आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√क्रन्द् (क्रन्दँ, ‘आह्वाने/रवणे’)
प्रforth / strongly
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
त्रासयfrighten / terrify
त्रासय:
Kriyā (आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√त्रस् (त्रसँ, ‘भये’) → त्रासय (णिच् causative)
अथोand also / moreover
अथो:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथो (अथ + उ; निपात)
चित्तानिminds / thoughts
चित्तानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
मोहयconfuse / delude
मोहय:
Kriyā (आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√मुह् (मुहँ, ‘मोहने’) → मोहय (णिच् causative)
Attribution

Rishi: As per AV anukramaṇī for this sukta

Devata: Dundubhi; secondarily Trāsa and Moha (terror and delusion as powers)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

Primary: bhayankara

Secondary: raudra

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