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Rig Veda 5.37.1: Mandala 5, Sukta 37, Mantra 1

Sukta 5.37

Devata: Indra (with solar/dawn imagery as supportive powers)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

सं भानुना यतते सूर्यस्याजुह्वानो घृतपृष्ठः स्वञ्चाः । तस्मा अमृध्रा उषसो व्युच्छान्य इन्द्राय सुनवामेत्याह ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.37.1

sáṃ bhā́nunā yatate sū́ryasyā́juhvāno ghṛtá-pṛṣṭhaḥ sváñcāḥ | tásmā amṛ́dhrā uṣáso vy ùcchānyá índrāya sunávā́m ety ā́ha ||

सूर्याच्या भानु (किरण) बरोबर तो स्वतःला एकवटतो आणि पुढे जाण्यास यत्न करतो—आहुती अर्पण करणारा, घृत-पृष्ठ (घृत-दीप्त पृष्ठ असलेला), स्वञ्चाः (स्वतःच्या योग्य मार्गाने जाणारा). त्याच्यासाठी अमृध्रा (अचूक) उषा विस्तारून प्रकट होतात—तो म्हणतो: ‘इंद्रासाठी सोम पिळूया।’

सम्together, completely
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग) प्रत्ययार्थे
भानुनाwith (his) radiance/beam
भानुना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootभानु (प्रातिपदिक) < √भा (दीप्तौ)
यततेstrives, exerts himself
यतते:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√यत् (प्रयत्ने/यतने)
सूर्यस्यof the Sun
सूर्यस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
आजुह्वानःinvoking, calling upon
आजुह्वानः:
Kartā (agent, as qualifier of the subject)
TypeParticiple
Rootआ-√ह्वा (आह्वाने) → जुह्वान (परस्मैपदी धातोः शतृ/शानच्-प्रकारः; वेदिक रूप)
घृतपृष्ठःhaving a ghee-backed (surface), ghee-backed
घृतपृष्ठः:
Kartā (as epithet of the subject)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootघृत-पृष्ठ (समास: कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष; घृत + पृष्ठ)
स्वञ्चाःself-going, moving of themselves
स्वञ्चाः:
Kartā (as accompanying subjects/attendants)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वञ्च (प्रातिपदिक; वेदिक) < स्व + अञ्च् (गत्यर्थ)
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
अमृध्राःunfailing, not negligent
अमृध्राः:
Kartā (qualifier of उषसः)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-मृध्र (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-समास) < मृध्र (हानि/द्रोह-भाव)
उषसःthe Dawns
उषसः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, forth
वि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
उच्छान्shining forth, dawning
उच्छान्:
Kartā (as qualifier of अन्यः)
TypeParticiple
Root√उच्छा/उद्-√छा (दीप्तौ/प्रकाशे; वेदिक) → उच्छान्
अन्यःanother (one)
अन्यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य (सर्वनाम/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रायfor Indra
इन्द्राय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सुनवामlet us press (Soma), let us prepare
सुनवाम:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√सु (सवने/प्रसवे; ‘to press/produce (soma)’)
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (निपात)
आहsaid
आह:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अह्/√आह् (ब्रूवणे; ‘to say’)

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