Rig Veda 10.162.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 162, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.162

Rishi: As above (uncertain attribution).

Devata: Agni (acting with brahman).

Chandas: Likely Tr̥ṣṭubh; confirm by scansion.

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यस्ते गर्भममीवा दुर्णामा योनिमाशये । अग्निष्टं ब्रह्मणा सह निष्क्रव्यादमनीनशत् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.162.2

Transliteration

yás te gárbham amī́vā durṇā́mā yónim āśáye | agníṣ ṭáṃ bráhmaṇā sahá níṣ krav yā́dam anīnaśat ||

Translation

जी अमीवा तुझ्या गर्भात दुष्ट-नावाने योनि-स्थानी आश्रयास बसली आहे—तिला अग्नीने ब्रह्म-बलासह, ‘निष्क्रव्याद्’ (कच्चेपणा व कुज-भ्रष्टता भक्षण करणारा) याप्रमाणे चिरडून बाहेर हाकलून दिले आहे.

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Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: सम्बन्धि-कर्ता (यः = ‘who/which’ introducing relative clause) / कर्ता (of implied action ‘lies/afflicts’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (genitive possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• गर्भम्: embryo, fetus
• गर्भम्: कर्म (object affected)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमीवा: disease, sickness
• अमीवा: कर्ता (subject: the disease)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमीवा (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुर्नामा: of evil name, malignant
• दुर्नामा: विशेषण (qualifier of the agent ‘disease’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively) / Noun-like epithet
• Root: दुर्नामन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ill-named, malignant’)

• यः: who/which
• यः: सम्बन्धि-कर्ता (relative pronoun introducing second relative clause) / कर्ता (of implied action ‘lies’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• योनिम्: womb, place of generation
• योनिम्: कर्म (object/location construed as object of ‘lies in/occupies’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि (प्रातिपदिक)

• आशये: lies (in), abides
• आशये: क्रिया (predicate of the relative clause: ‘lies/abides’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-शी (धातु; ‘to lie, rest’; Vedic also ‘to lie upon/inhabit’)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: कर्ता (main clause agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• तम्: that (one)
• तम्: कर्म (object: that [disease/demon])
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रह्मणा: by sacred prayer/formula
• ब्रह्मणा: करण (instrument: by sacred formula)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; here ‘sacred formula/prayer, holy power’)

• सह: together with
• सह: सहकारक/सह-सम्बन्ध (with, together with)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)

• निः: out, away
• निः: क्रियाविशेषण (direction/intensifier: ‘out, away’)
• Type: Preverb / Indeclinable
• Root: निः/निस् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• क्रव्यादम्: the flesh-eater (demon)
• क्रव्यादम्: कर्म (object expelled/destroyed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रव्याद (प्रातिपदिक; ‘flesh-eater’, epithet of a demon/evil being)

• अनीनशत्: drove away, destroyed
• अनीनशत्: क्रिया (main clause: ‘drove away/destroyed’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नश् (धातु; ‘to perish, be destroyed’; caus./intensive-like Vedic perfect/aorist formations occur)