Valmiki Ramayana 2.3.30: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 30

यौवराज्याभिषेक-उपकल्पनम्

Preparations for Rama’s Installation as Yuvaraja

Devanagari script

अवतार्य सुमन्त्रस्तं राघवं स्यन्दनोत्तमात् ॥३०॥

पितुस्समीपं गच्छन्तं प्राञ्जलिः पृष्ठतोऽन्वगात् ।

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.3.30

Transliteration

avatārya sumantras taṃ rāghavaṃ syandanottamāt ||30||

pitus samīpaṃ gacchantaṃ prāñjaliḥ pṛṣṭhato ’nvagāt |

Translation

सुमंत्राने राघवाला उत्तम रथातून उतरविले. मग राम पित्याच्या सान्निध्याकडे जात असता, सुमंत्र हात जोडून मागोमाग चालला.

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Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक; सर्वनाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्) (कृदन्त; क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund): having seen

• praṇatam: bowed down
• praṇatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√nam (नम्) क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘तम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• pārśve: at (his) side
• pārśve: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pārśva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन

• kṛtāñjalipuṭam: with folded hands
• kṛtāñjalipuṭam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta + añjali-puṭa (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘कृत’ (ppp of √kṛ) + तत्पुरुषः (अञ्जलिपुटं कृतः) = with hands folded

• nṛpaḥ: the king
• nṛpaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• gṛhya: having taken/holding
• gṛhya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √grah (ग्रह्) (कृदन्त; ल्यप्)
• Form: अव्ययीभावरूप कृदन्त (gerund): having taken/holding

• añjalau: the (two) folded hands
• añjalau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: añjali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), द्विवचन; ‘folded palms’

• samākṛṣya: having drawn near
• samākṛṣya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sam-ā-√kṛṣ (कृष्) (कृदन्त; ल्यप्)
• Form: अव्ययीभावरूप कृदन्त (gerund): having drawn (towards himself)

• sasvaje: embraced
• sasvaje: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √svaj (स्वज्)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• priyam: beloved
• priyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: priya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘आत्मजम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• ātmajam: son
• ātmajam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

Context

Sumantra assisted Rama while alighting from that splendid chariot and followed him with folded palms as Rama was proceeding towards his father.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Sumantra
• Daśaratha (implied by pituḥ)
• chariot (syandana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed through proper service and respectful conduct: attendants support the prince, and approach to elders (the father-king) is marked by humility and decorum.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma arrives by chariot; Sumantra assists him down and accompanies him as he goes to meet Daśaratha.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sumantra’s loyal service and reverence; Rāma’s orderly approach to paternal authority.