Atharva Veda 4.11.5 — Kanda 4, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 11, Mantra 5

Sukta 11

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यस्य॒ नेशे॑ य॒ज्ञप॑ति॒र्न य॒ज्ञो नास्य॑ दा॒तेशे॒ न प्र॑तिग्रही॒ता। यो वि॑श्व॒जिद् वि॑श्व॒भृद् वि॒श्क॑र्मा घ॒र्मं नो॑ ब्रूत यत॒मश्चतु॑ष्पात्

IAST Transliteration

yásya ná ī́śe yajñápatir ná yajñó nā́sya dāté ī́śe ná pratigrāhītā́ | yó viśvájit viśvábhṛd viśvákarmā gharmáṃ no brūta yatamáś cátuṣpāt

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

He whose Lord of Sacrifice hath no mastery, whose sacrifice is none; whose giver hath no right, nor any lawful receiver—he who is All-conquering, All-supporting, All-fashioning—declare to us the Gharma: which four-footed one is he?

Word by Word

• यस्य: of whom / whose
• यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• ईशे: rules / is master
• ईशे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश्

• यज्ञपतिः: the lord/patron of the sacrifice
• यज्ञपतिः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञपति (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• यज्ञः: the sacrifice
• यज्ञः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अस्य: of him / his
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अ

• दाते: the giver
• दाते: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: दातृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• ईशे: rules / is master
• ईशे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश्

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• प्रतिग्रहीता: the receiver (acceptor of gifts)
• प्रतिग्रहीता: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिग्रहीतृ (प्रातिपदिक; √ग्रह् with प्रति + agent suffix तृ)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य

• विश्वजित्: all-conquering
• विश्वजित्: विशेषण (of यः)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: विश्वजित् (प्रातिपदिक; विश्व + √जि ‘to conquer’)

• विश्वभृत्: supporter of all
• विश्वभृत्: विशेषण (of यः)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: विश्वभृत् (प्रातिपदिक; विश्व + √भृ ‘to bear/support’)

• विश्वकर्मा: Viśvakarman (the all-maker)
• विश्वकर्मा: कर्तृ (apposition to यः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्वकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; विश्व + कर्मन्)

• घर्मम्: the gharmá (hot drink/oblation; heated offering)
• घर्मम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: घर्म (प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: our / for us
• नः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• ब्रूत: speak / proclaim
• ब्रूत: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू

• यतमः: whichever / which (of the two/many)
• यतमः: विशेषण (of an implied subject; ‘whichever/which of them’)
• Type: Adjective/Pronoun
• Root: यतम (सर्वनाम-विशेषण; superlative of य)

• चतुष्पात्: quadruped / four-footed (animal)
• चतुष्पात्: कर्तृ (or predicate nominative, contextually)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: चतुष्पाद् (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition

Devata: Viśvakarman-like universal power; also gharma as ritual potency; implied Anaḍvān/catuṣpāt

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: vira