Varaha Purana 116.39: Adhyaya 116, Shloka 39

An Exposition on the Causes of Happiness and Suffering

Devanagari script

यस्तु प्राणान्प्रमुच्येत ततः सौख्यतरं नु किम् ॥ मातरं पितरं चैव यः सदा पूजयेन नरः ॥

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 116.39

Transliteration

yas tu prāṇān pramucyeta tataḥ saukhyataraṃ nu kim | mātaraṃ pitaraṃ caiva yaḥ sadā pūjayen naraḥ ||

Translation

ಪ್ರಾಣಗಳನ್ನೂ ತ್ಯಜಿಸಬಲ್ಲವನಿಗೆ ಅದಕ್ಕಿಂತ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಸುಖವೇನು? ಯಾರು ಸದಾ ತಾಯಿ-ತಂದೆಗಳನ್ನು ಪೂಜಿಸಿ ಗೌರವಿಸುತ್ತಾನೋ ಅವನೇ ಆ ಪುರುಷನು.

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Word by Word

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun (सम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम)

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), contrast/emphasis

• prāṇān: life-breaths; lives
• prāṇān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pramucyeta: would be freed (from)
• pramucyeta: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√muc (धातु)
• Form: Optative/Potential (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद); passive/reflexive sense: 'be released/freed'

• tataḥ: from that; thereafter
• tataḥ: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय/तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण), ablatival sense 'from that/thereafter'

• saukhyataram: more pleasant/happier
• saukhyataram: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saukhyatara (प्रातिपदिक; tara-तुलनात्मक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/1 or द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); comparative degree (तुलनात्मक)

• nu: indeed? / then?
• nu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nu (अव्यय)
• Form: Interrogative particle (प्रश्नार्थ-निपात)

• kim: what
• kim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/1 or द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun (प्रश्नवाचक-सर्वनाम)

• mātaram: mother
• mātaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• pitaram: father
• pitaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय)

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण-निपात)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun

• sadā: always
• sadā: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• pūjayet: should worship/honor
• pūjayet: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pūj (धातु)
• Form: Optative/Potential (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• naraḥ: a man
• naraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Vaishnavism
• Social Ethics
• Dharma Literature

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

The verse attests to a pan-Indic ethical priority—respect for parents—embedded in Purāṇic didactic frameworks.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is mentioned.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

Consistent honoring of one’s parents is presented as a high ethical good tied to well-being.