Rig Veda Sukta 103
Mandala 9Sukta 1036 Mantras

Sukta 103

Sukta 9.103

Rishi

Soma Pavamāna corpus; precise attribution requires Anukramaṇī confirmation.

Devata

Soma Pavamāna.

Chandas

Likely Gāyatrī/Anuṣṭubh/Triṣṭubh depending on hymn; verify by metrical count for 9.103.1.

ಈ ಚಿಕ್ಕ ಪವಮಾನ ಸ್ತೋತ್ರವು ಸೋಮನು ಶೋಧಕ (ಪವಿತ್ರಕ) ಮೂಲಕ ಶುದ್ಧಿಗೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾ ಯಜ್ಞಪಾತ್ರಗಳಿಗೆ ಪ್ರವೇಶಿಸುವಾಗ ಅವನಿಗೆ “ಉನ್ನತವಾದ ವಾಕ್ಯ”ವನ್ನು ಅರ್ಪಿಸುತ್ತದೆ; ಅಲ್ಲಿ ಅವನು ನಿರ್ಮಲ, ಪ್ರಕಾಶಮಾನ, ದೇವತೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಗ್ರಾಹ್ಯನಾಗುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಸೋಮನನ್ನು ಪ್ರೇರಿತ ಚಿಂತನೆಗಳ ಅಚ್ಯುತ ನಾಯಕ (ಮತೀನಾಂ ನೇತಾ) ಎಂದು ಸ್ತುತಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ; ಅವನು ವಿಜಯಶಾಲಿ ಅಶ್ವದಂತೆ ವಲಯಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಸಂಚರಿಸಿ, ಪೋಷಣೆಯನ್ನೂ ವಿಶಾಲವಾದ ಆನಂದಭೋಗವನ್ನೂ ಹರಡುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಉದ್ದೇಶವು ಎರಡೂ ಆಗಿದೆ—ವಿಧಿವಿಧಾನಾತ್ಮಕವಾಗಿ: ಪೀಡಿತ ರಸವನ್ನು ಅರ್ಪಣೆಗೆ ಪವಿತ್ರಗೊಳಿಸುವುದು; ಮತ್ತು ದರ್ಶನಾತ್ಮಕವಾಗಿ: ಉಪಾಸಕನೊಳಗೆ ಸೋಮನ ಸ್ಪಷ್ಟೀಕರಣಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಆಮಂತ್ರಿಸುವುದು.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 9.103

Mantras

Mantra 1

प्र पुनानाय वेधसे सोमाय वच उद्यतम् । भृतिं न भरा मतिभिर्जुजोषते ॥

ಪವಮಾನ ಸೋಮನೆಗೆ—ವೇಧಸ (ವಿದ್ವಾನ್ ವಿಧಾತೃ)ಗೆ—ಉದ್ಯತವಾದ ವಚನವನ್ನು ಮುಂದಿಟ್ಟು ಅರ್ಪಿಸಿರಿ; ನಮ್ಮ ಮತಿಗಳು (ಚಿಂತನೆ-ಪ್ರೇರಣೆಗಳು) ಜೊತೆಗೆ ಅದನ್ನು ಭೃತಿ (ಅರ್ಪಣೆ)ಯಂತೆ ಹೊತ್ತು ತರುವುದು—ಅವನು ಅದನ್ನು ಸ್ವೀಕರಿಸಿ ಆಸ್ವಾದಿಸುವನು.

Mantra 2

परि वाराण्यव्यया गोभिरञ्जानो अर्षति । त्री षधस्था पुनानः कृणुते हरिः ॥

ಅವ್ಯಯ (ಅವಿರತ) ಶೋಧಕದಲ್ಲಿ, ವಾರಾ (ಊನದ ಫ್ಲೀಸ್)ಗಳ ಸುತ್ತ ಅವನು ಹರಿದು ಹೋಗುತ್ತಾನೆ; ಗೋ (ಕಿರಣ)ಗಳಿಂದ ಅಂಜಿತನಾಗಿ ಪ್ರವಹಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಪವಮಾನ ಹರಿ (ತಾಮ್ರವರ್ಣ)ನು ತನ್ನಿಗಾಗಿ ತ್ರಿಷಧಸ್ಥ (ಮೂರು ಸ್ಥಿರ ಆಸನಗಳು)ಗಳನ್ನು ನಿರ್ಮಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾನೆ.

Mantra 3

परि कोशं मधुश्चुतमव्यये वारे अर्षति । अभि वाणीॠषीणां सप्त नूषत ॥

ಮಧು ಚಿಮ್ಮಿಸುವವನು ಪಾತ್ರದ ಸುತ್ತಲೂ ಹರಿಯುತ್ತಾನೆ, ಅವ್ಯಯವಾದ ಉಣ್ಣೆಯ ರೋಮದ ಮೂಲಕ; ಋಷಿಗಳ ಏಳು ವಾಣಿಗಳು ಅವನತ್ತ ಮುಖಮಾಡಿ ಕೂಗಿ, ಜಾಗೃತವಾಗುತ್ತವೆ.

Mantra 4

परि णेता मतीनां विश्वदेवो अदाभ्यः । सोमः पुनानश्चम्वोर्विशद्धरिः ॥

ಎಲ್ಲೆಡೆ ಸುತ್ತಾಡುವ, ಅಡಾಭ್ಯ—ವಿಶ್ವದೇವರ ಶಕ್ತಿಗಳನ್ನು ಧರಿಸುವ—ಸೋಮನು ನಮ್ಮ ಮತಿಗಳ ನಾಯಕನು; ಸ್ವಯಂ ಶುದ್ಧಗೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾ ಚಮೂಗಳಲ್ಲಿ (ಪಾತ್ರಗಳಲ್ಲಿ) ಪ್ರವೇಶಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ; ಹರಿತವರ್ಣ (ತಾಮ್ರ-ಹಳದಿ) ಅವನು ನಮ್ಮೊಳಗೆ ವಿಶುದ್ಧನಾಗಿ ಪ್ರಕಾಶಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ.

Mantra 5

परि दैवीरनु स्वधा इन्द्रेण याहि सरथम् । पुनानो वाघद्वाघद्भिरमर्त्यः ॥

ದೈವೀ ಸ್ವಧೆಯನ್ನು ಅನುಸರಿಸಿ ಸುತ್ತಾಡು; ಇಂದ್ರನೊಂದಿಗೆ ಒಂದೇ ರಥದಲ್ಲಿ ಸೇರಿ ಬಾ. ಸ್ವಯಂ ಶುದ್ಧಗೊಳ್ಳುವ, ಅಮರ ಸೋಮನೇ, ನಿನ್ನನ್ನು ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸುವ ಗಾಯಕರೂ ವಾಘದ್ವಾಘ (ಸ್ತುತಿ-ಘೋಷ) ಶಕ್ತಿಗಳೊಡನೆ ಪ್ರಯಾಣಿಸು.

Mantra 6

परि सप्तिर्न वाजयुर्देवो देवेभ्यः सुतः । व्यानशिः पवमानो वि धावति ॥

ಬಲದ ಸಮೃದ್ಧಿಯನ್ನು ಜಯಿಸುವ ಅಶ್ವದಂತೆ ಪರಿವೃತ್ತನಾಗಿ, ದೇವ ಸೋಮನು—ದೇವರಿಗಾಗಿ ಪೀಡಿತನಾಗಿ—ಪವಮಾನನಾಗಿ ಅನೇಕ ದಿಕ್ಕುಗಳಿಗೆ ಧಾವಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ; ವಿಸ್ತರಿಸುವ ಆನಂದವನ್ನು ಹಂಚುತ್ತಾ ತಾನೇ ಶುದ್ಧನಾಗುತ್ತಾನೆ.

Inside Sukta 103

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The hymn begins by ‘bringing forward’ an uplifted word to Soma the purifier, treating speech itself as an offering carried by inspired thought.

  2. Development

    Soma is then depicted as the infallible, all-god-bearing leader who moves around and enters the vessels, becoming clear and luminous as he purifies.

  3. Climax

    A vivid kinetic image peaks: Soma circles like a prize-winning steed and runs forth in many directions, distributing wide enjoyment and strength while purifying.

  4. Where it settles

    The movement culminates in Soma’s accepted, clarified presence—fit for the gods and beneficial to the worshipper’s mind and vitality.

The deity: Soma Pavamāna

  • In the VedaSoma is the pressed and self-purifying sacred draught, tawny (hari), clarified as it runs through the filter into the cups (camū). He is praised as wise and unerring (adābhya), a leader of inspirations, and as carrying ‘all-god’ potency (viśvadeva).
  • Cosmic functionMediator of vitality and divine power: he energizes the gods, sustains ṛta through consecrated offering, and circulates strength and nourishment like a swift steed moving in ordered courses.
  • Inner significanceThe purifying Soma symbolizes the clarification of mind and speech: inspired thought becomes lucid, expansive, and fit for truth (ṛta), distributing inner ‘enjoyment’ and strength in many directions.

The seer

  • Pavamāna Soma (Soma Pavamāna corpus)In Maṇḍala 9 many hymns are attributed in the ritual tradition to seers aligned with the Soma-pressing (pavamāna) liturgy; the voice is characteristically that of the Soma hymn-cycle praising purification, brilliance, and divine acceptability.

Famous verses

प्र पुनानाय वेधसे सोमाय वच उद्यतम् । भृतिं न भरा मतिभिर्जुजोषते ॥
Verse 9.103.1Sets the hymn’s ritual intention: speech is raised and carried like an offering to the self-purifying Soma who ‘relishes’ (jujoṣate) the devotion.Read verse 9.103.1 →
netā matīnāṃ
Verse 9.103.4Defines Soma’s theological role as ‘leader of inspirations’ and ‘all-god’ power, and links purification to clarity within the vessels (camū).Read verse 9.103.4 →
परि सप्तिर्न वाजयुर्देवो देवेभ्यः सुतः । व्यानशिः पवमानो वि धावति ॥
Verse 9.103.6Provides the signature Pavamāna imagery of swift, circling motion and abundant distribution—Soma as dynamic purifier who spreads nourishment.Read verse 9.103.6 →

Attributes of the deity

  • self-purifying (pavamāna)
  • tawny/bright (hari)
  • infallible (adābhya)
  • leader of inspirations (matīnāṃ netā)
  • all-god potency (viśvadeva)
  • swift, coursing, and circulating like a steed
  • clarifying and luminous in the vessels (camū)

Also by this seer

  • Part of the Soma Pavamāna collection (Rig Veda Maṇḍala 9) used extensively in Soma rites
  • Associated with the broader Pavamāna sequence recited during pressing, filtering, and offering of Soma
  • Contributes to the RV’s ritual-poetic theology of Soma as purifier, inspirer, and bearer of divine powers

The rite, step by step

  • Press Soma (suta) and mix/prepare according to rite
  • Filter through the strainer (pavitra), reciting Pavamāna verses to consecrate the flow
  • Collect the clarified Soma in vessels/cups (camū) as it becomes ‘clear’ (viśad)
  • Offer portions to the gods (especially Indra and the deities of the pressing) with accompanying speech (vāc) and intention (mati)
  • Distribute remaining Soma according to ritual shares; conclude with praise for Soma’s spreading nourishment

Offerings

  • Clarified Soma juice
  • Associated oblations in the Soma rite (as prescribed): ghee and ritual portions alongside Soma
  • Praise/utterance (vāc) as a ‘carried offering’ (bhṛti)

Frequently Asked Questions

It praises Soma while he is being purified through the filter and collected in the ritual vessels, asking that he accept the worshipper’s inspired words and bring clarity and strength.

“Pavamāna” means “self-purifying”: it refers to Soma as the pressed juice that becomes clear and bright as it flows through the strainer into the cups.

It means Soma is invoked as the power that guides and clarifies inner inspiration (mati), making the mind and speech luminous, focused, and fit for offering and truth.

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