Sukta 98
Sukta 1.98
Agni Vaiśvānara (with solar association)
Triṣṭubh
ಈ ಚಿಕ್ಕ ತ್ರಿಷ್ಟುಭ್ ಸ್ತೋತ್ರವು ಅಗ್ನಿಯನ್ನು ವೈಶ್ವಾನರನೆಂದು—ಸರ್ವವ್ಯಾಪಿ ಅಗ್ನಿಯಾಗಿ—ಎಲ್ಲ ಲೋಕಗಳ ಮೇಲೆ ರಾಜಸೌಭಾಗ್ಯದಂತೆ ಸಿಂಹಾಸನಾರೂಢನಾಗಿ, ಸೂರ್ಯನೊಂದಿಗೆ ಸಹಕಾರದಿಂದ ಕಾರ್ಯನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುವವನಾಗಿ ಸ್ತುತಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಅವನನ್ನು ಆಕಾಶದಲ್ಲೂ ಭೂಮಿಯಲ್ಲೂ ಧಾರಿತನಾಗಿ, ಔಷಧಿ-ಸಸ್ಯಗಳಲ್ಲಿ (ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಾಶಕ್ತಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ) ಪ್ರವೇಶಿಸುವವನಾಗಿ ಚಿತ್ರಿಸಿ, ಹಗಲು-ರಾತ್ರಿ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ, ಸತ್ಯ, ಮತ್ತು ಸ್ಥಿರ ಸಮೃದ್ಧಿಯನ್ನು ಬೇಡುತ್ತದೆ. ಅಂತಿಮ ಋಚೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮಿತ್ರ–ವರುಣ, ಅದಿತಿ, ಸಿಂಧು, ಭೂಮಿ ಮತ್ತು ದ್ಯೌಸ್ ಎಂಬ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಾಂಡೀಯ ಶಕ್ತಿಗಳ ಮೂಲಕ ಆಶೀರ್ವಾದವನ್ನು ವಿಸ್ತರಿಸಿ, ಧನ ಮತ್ತು ಪೂರ್ಣತೆ ಯಜಮಾನನಿಗೆ “ಅಂಟಿಕೊಂಡಿರಲಿ” ಎಂದು ಪ್ರಾರ್ಥಿಸುತ್ತದೆ.
Mantras
Mantra 1
वैश्वानरस्य सुमतौ स्याम राजा हि कं भुवनानामभिश्रीः । इतो जातो विश्वमिदं वि चष्टे वैश्वानरो यतते सूर्येण ॥
ವೈಶ್ವಾನರನ ಸುಮತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ನಾವು ನೆಲೆಸಿರೋಣ; ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಅವನು ಭುವನಗಳ ಮೇಲೆ ಅಧಿಷ್ಠಿತ ರಾಜಸ ಮಹಿಮೆ. ಇಲ್ಲಿಂದ—ನಮ್ಮೊಳಗಿಂದ—ಜನಿಸಿದವನು, ಈ ಸಮಸ್ತವನ್ನು ವಿಶಾಲವಾಗಿ ನೋಡುವನು; ಮತ್ತು ವೈಶ್ವಾನರನು ಸೂರ್ಯನೊಂದಿಗೆ ಯುಕ್ತನಾಗಿ ಲೋಕಸತ್ಯವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಕಾಶಿಸಲು ಯತ್ನಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ.
Mantra 2
पृष्टो दिवि पृष्टो अग्निः पृथिव्यां पृष्टो विश्वा ओषधीरा विवेश । वैश्वानरः सहसा पृष्टो अग्निः स नो दिवा स रिषः पातु नक्तम् ॥
ದಿವಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಆಧಾರಿತನಾಗಿ, ಪೃಥಿವಿಯಲ್ಲಿಯೂ ಆಧಾರಿತನಾಗಿ—ಅಗ್ನಿಯು ಎಲ್ಲ ಓಷಧಿಗಳಲ್ಲೂ, ಎಲ್ಲ ವೃದ್ಧಿ-ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಾ ಶಕ್ತಿಗಳಲ್ಲೂ ಪ್ರವೇಶಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಸ್ವಬಲದಿಂದ ಆಧಾರಿತನಾದ ಈ ವೈಶ್ವಾನರ ಅಗ್ನಿಯು ಹಗಲು ನಮಗೆ ಎಲ್ಲ ಗಾಯ-ಆಘಾತಗಳಿಂದ ರಕ್ಷಿಸಲಿ; ರಾತ್ರಿಯಲ್ಲಿಯೂ ರಕ್ಷಿಸಲಿ.
Mantra 3
वैश्वानर तव तत्सत्यमस्त्वस्मान्रायो मघवानः सचन्ताम् । तन्नो मित्रो वरुणो मामहन्तामदितिः सिन्धुः पृथिवी उत द्यौः ॥
ಹೇ ವೈಶ್ವಾನರ, ನಿನ್ನದು ಅದೇ ಸತ್ಯವಾಗಿರಲಿ: ಸಮೃದ್ಧಿಗಳು, ದಾನಶೀಲ ಧನಗಳು ನಮಗೆ ಸೇರಲಿ. ಮತ್ತು ಅದರಲ್ಲಿ ಮಿತ್ರ-ವರುಣರು ನಮ್ಮನ್ನು ವಿಸ್ತರಿಸಲಿ—ಅದಿತಿ, ಪ್ರವಾಹದ ಸಿಂಧು, ಪೃಥಿವಿ ಹಾಗೂ ದ್ಯೌ (ಆಕಾಶ) ಸಹ.
Inside Sukta 98
How it unfolds
- Where it opens
A prayer to dwell in Vaiśvānara’s good guidance, proclaiming him as the royal glory presiding over the worlds and aligned with the Sun.
- Development
Agni is described as firmly upheld in heaven and earth and as pervading the herbs—linking fire to life, medicine, and protective power across realms.
- Climax
The explicit petition for guardianship from harm both by day and by night, presenting Agni as the ever-watchful universal protector.
- Where it settles
A final affirmation of satya and a broad benediction: may riches cleave to us, and may Mitra–Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven enlarge and confirm the gift.
The deity: Agni Vaiśvānara
- In the VedaVaiśvānara is Agni as the ‘belonging to all men/all beings’ fire—kingly glory over the worlds, born ‘from here’ (within the human and the rite), seeing all, and striving together with the Sun. He is upheld in heaven and on earth and pervades the oṣadhīs (plants/herbs), becoming a guardian against harm by day and night.
- Cosmic functionMediator between heaven and earth, energizer of growth and healing in nature, and maintainer of satya/ṛta through the sacrificial flame aligned with the solar power.
- Inner significanceThe universal inner fire: clarity of consciousness and moral truth (satya), the warmth that sustains life and heals, and the vigilant awareness that protects the person in both ‘day’ (waking) and ‘night’ (sleep/unknowing).
The seer
- Anukramaṇī tradition: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (attribution), though the rishi is transmitted as uncertain in some recensionsĀṅgirasa (Kutsa line) · A prominent early Rigvedic seer associated with hymns that link Agni’s terrestrial fire to solar and cosmic powers, emphasizing protection and right order (ṛta/satya).
Famous verses
vaiśvānaro yatate sūryeṇa
sa no divā sa riṣaḥ pātu naktam
वैश्वानर तव तत्सत्यमस्त्वस्मान्रायो मघवानः सचन्ताम् । तन्नो मित्रो वरुणो मामहन्तामदितिः सिन्धुः पृथिवी उत द्यौः ॥Attributes of the deity
- Universal (vaiśvānara) presence
- Royal glory and sovereignty over the worlds
- Solar alliance (works with Sūrya)
- All-seeing witness
- Healer through entry into herbs (oṣadhīs)
- Protector from injury/harm day and night
- Upholder of truth (satya)
Also by this seer
- Hymns in Rig Veda Maṇḍala 1 associated with Kutsa in the Anukramaṇī tradition
- Praise-poems connecting Indra–Sūrya motifs with the sacrificial fire (Agni) and the maintenance of cosmic order
The rite, step by step
- Prepare the altar/hearth and establish a clean ritual space (śauca).
- Kindle Agni and acknowledge him as Vaiśvānara, ‘kingly glory over the worlds’ (mantra 1).
- Contemplate Agni as upheld in heaven and earth and as entering the herbs—invoking protection from harm by day and night (mantra 2).
- Request that prosperity and ‘plenitudes’ adhere to the sacrificer, sealing the vow of truth (mantra 3).
- Conclude by extending the blessing through Mitra–Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven as witnesses and sustainers (mantra 3).
Offerings
- Ghee (ājya) into the fire
- Samidh/fuel sticks
- Optional: grains or simple oblations suitable to Agni
- Water for ācamana and ritual purification
Frequently Asked Questions
Vaiśvānara is Agni understood as the universal fire—present in all beings and all worlds—acting as a royal power and working together with the Sun.
It points to fire as the life-force behind growth and healing in nature: Agni supports vitality in plants and thus becomes a protector and restorer of health.
The hymn asks for guidance in truth, protection from harm both day and night, and for prosperity and fullness of being to remain with the worshipper.
Ask anything about Sukta 98 of the Rig Veda
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