Valmiki Ramayana 2.4.3: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 3

अयोध्याकाण्डे चतुर्थः सर्गः · Rāma Summoned; Pushya Coronation Decision

Setting: AyodhyaPlaces named: antargṛhaWithin-palace movement: king enters inner chambers; summons messenger

Devanagari script

अथाऽन्तर्गृहमाविश्य राजा दशरथस्तदा ।

सूतमामन्त्रयामास रामं पुनरिहानय ॥३॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.4.3

Transliteration

athā ’ntargṛham āviśya rājā daśarathas tadā |

sūtam āmantrayāmāsa rāmaṃ punar ihānaya ||3||

Translation

ಆಮೇಲೆ ರಾಜ ದಶರಥನು ಅಂತಃಗೃಹವನ್ನು ಪ್ರವೇಶಿಸಿ ಸೂತನನ್ನು ಕರೆಯಿಸಿ, “ರಾಮನನ್ನು ಮತ್ತೆ ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕರೆತಂದು” ಎಂದು ಹೇಳಿದನು.

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Word by Word

• अथ: then/thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/अनन्तर-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
• Role: सम्बन्ध (discourse connector)

• अन्तर्गृहम्: the inner chamber
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तर् + गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—अन्तः स्थितं गृहं (अव्ययीभाव/तत्पुरुष-सन्निकर्षः), प्रचलितरूपेण तत्पुरुषः ‘inner apartment’
• Role: कर्म (Object of āviśya)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• आविश्य: having entered
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + विश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), ‘having entered’
• Role: पूर्वकाल (Prior action)

• राजा: the king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
• Role: कर्ता (Karta)

• दशरथः: Daśaratha
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेष-नाम
• Role: कर्ता (Karta; apposition)

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
• Role: काल (Time)

• सूतम्: the charioteer
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
• Role: कर्म (Object of āmantrayāmāsa)

• आमन्त्रयामास: summoned/ordered
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + मन्त्र् (धातु) [णिच् causative: आमन्त्रयति]
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative/intensive sense) ‘summoned/ordered’
• Role: क्रिया (Main action)

• रामम्: Rama
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
• Role: कर्म (Object of ānaya)

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: पुनरावृत्ति-अव्यय (adverb of repetition)
• Role: क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)

• इह: here
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय (locative adverb)
• Role: देश (Place)

• आनय: bring
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + नी (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन
• Role: आज्ञा (Command)

Sandhi Notes

• अथाऽन्तर्गृहमाविश्य = अथ + अन्तर्गृहम् + आविश्य
• सूतमामन्त्रयामास = सूतम् + आमन्त्रयामास
• पुनरिहानय = पुनः + इह + आनय

Context

Therafter king Dasaratha on retiring to his private apartment, ordered Sumantra tobring Rama once again.

The teaching

In royal life, a single summons can signal the turning of fate; vigilance and steadiness are required when private turmoil threatens public dharma.

Duties in tension

• King’s duty to uphold planned abhiṣeka and public order
• Personal/emotional disturbance prompting sudden recall

Ethical theme

Rāja-dharma / crisis-management

How it resolves

Procedural action (summons) preceding ethical crisis

For your practice

Encourages alertness to turning points; practice of steadiness under sudden change.

Mood and themes

Rasa

Bhayanaka (fear), with Karuna (compassion)

Mood

Urgent, tense, forewarning

Themes

• Dharma
• Satya
• Maryada
• Itihasa
• Ethics
• Kingship
• Royal command

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Rāma
• Sumantra

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma of governance and procedure: royal actions proceed through proper channels and attendants, reflecting ordered conduct (maryādā) in a court.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha withdraws to his private rooms and instructs Sumantra to bring Rāma back.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s concern and deliberation (implied by recalling Rāma), and the court’s discipline in executing commands.