Rig Veda 5.39.2: Mandala 5, Sukta 39, Mantra 2
Sukta 5.39
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यन्मन्यसे वरेण्यमिन्द्र द्युक्षं तदा भर । विद्याम तस्य ते वयमकूपारस्य दावने ॥
Transliteration
yán manyase váreṇyam índra dyukṣáṃ tád ā́ bhar | vidyā́ma tásya te vayám akū́pārasya dā́vane ||
Translation
Jo bhi cheez tum sabse behtar samjhte ho, woh chamakdar cheez hume laao. Tumhari den wahi khatam nahi hoti. Hum bhi usmein hissa lein.
Word by Word
यत्that which / if
यत्:
(सम्बन्ध/विशेषण-सम्बन्धः) — correlates with तद्
TypeIndeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यद्-शब्द
मन्यसेyou think / you suppose
मन्यसे:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया) — ‘you think’
TypeVerb
Root√मन् (मन्यते) ‘to think, suppose’
वरेण्यम्worthy to be chosen; excellent
वरेण्यम्:
कर्म (मन्यसे इति क्रियायाः) — ‘(it) as excellent’
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootवरेण्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √वृ ‘to choose’ → वरणीय/वरेण्य ‘to be chosen, excellent’)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
द्युक्षम्the shining/radiant (one/thing)
द्युक्षम्:
कर्म (भर इति क्रियायाः) — ‘bring the radiant (thing)’
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootद्युक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘shining, radiant’)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म (भर इति क्रियायाः) — ‘that’
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आhither; towards (as preverb)
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्गः (भर इत्यस्य) — ‘hither, towards’
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
भरbring
भर:
क्रिया (आदेशः) — ‘bring!’
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (भरति) ‘to bear, bring’
विद्यामmay we know
विद्याम:
क्रिया (प्रार्थना/इच्छा) — ‘may we know’
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (वेद) ‘to know, find out’
तस्यof that
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of that’
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तेyour
ते:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘your’
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्तृ (विद्याम इति क्रियायाः) — ‘we’
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अकूपारस्यof the boundless / shoreless
अकूपारस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — qualifies दावने (‘of the boundless … giving’)
TypeAdjective (genitive dependent)
Rootअकूपार (प्रातिपदिक; a- + कूपार ‘shore/boundary’; ‘shoreless, boundless’)
दावनेfor (his) giving / for the gift
दावने:
सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (चतुर्थी) — ‘for giving’
TypeNoun (verbal noun)
Rootदावन (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √दा ‘to give’ → दावन ‘giving, gift’; here as dative of purpose)
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