Rig Veda 5.86.2: Mandala 5, Sukta 86, Mantra 2
Sukta 5.86
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Indra-Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
या पृतनासु दुष्टरा या वाजेषु श्रवाय्या । या पञ्च चर्षणीरभीन्द्राग्नी ता हवामहे ॥
Transliteration
yā́ pṛ́tanāsu duṣṭárā yā́ vā́jeṣu śravā́yyā | yā́ páñca carṣaṇī́r abhī́ndrāgnī tā́ havāmahe ||
Translation
યુદ્ધોમાં જે દુસ્તર છે, બળની સમૃદ્ધિમાં જે શ્રવણયોગ્ય યશ આપે છે, અને જે પાંચ ચર્ષણીઓ (પાંચ જન) સામે ઊભી રહી તેમને ઉન્નત કરે છે—એવી ઇન્દ્રા-અગ્નિ શક્તિને અમે હવીએ છીએ. અમારા અંદર વિજયી બળ અને ઋતનું યશ બની, આંતરિક યુદ્ધને જીતો.
Word by Word
याshe who / which
या:
Kartā (relative subject) / viśeṣaṇa of implied ‘देवी/शक्ति’
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: य-)
पृतनासुin battles
पृतनासु:
Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘in battles’)
TypeNoun
Rootपृतना (प्रातिपदिक) < √पृत्/पॄ (to fight) (etym.)
दुष्टराhard to overcome / difficult to cross
दुष्टरा:
Kartā/viśeṣaṇa (predicate adjective to ‘या’)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्-तर (प्रातिपदिक); तर = comparative from √तॄ (to cross) with दुṣ- prefix
याshe who
या:
Kartā (relative subject)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: य-)
वाजेषुin races/contests; in prizes
वाजेषु:
Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘in contests/prizes’)
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक)
श्रवाय्याbringing fame / worthy of fame
श्रवाय्या:
Kartā/viśeṣaṇa (predicate adjective to ‘या’)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रवाय्य (प्रातिपदिक) < श्रवस् (fame) + -आय्य (desiderative/aptative adj. suffix in Vedic)
याshe who
या:
Kartā (relative subject)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: य-)
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Viśeṣaṇa (of चर्षणीनाम्, implied)
TypeNumeral
Rootपञ्चन् (numeral stem)
चर्षणीर्peoples / tribes
चर्षणीर्:
Karma (object of अभि ‘towards/against’ in sense ‘over/for the peoples’)
TypeNoun
Rootचर्षणी (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिtowards, over, against
अभि:
Directional marker (governing the object ‘चर्षणीः’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (upasarga/preposition)
इन्द्राग्नीO Indra and Agni
इन्द्राग्नी:
Sampradāna (addressee of invocation) / Sambodhana
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootइन्द्र + अग्नि (dvandva compound)
ताthose two (you two)
ता:
Karma (object of हवामहे)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: त-)
हवामहेwe invoke / we call upon
हवामहे:
Kriyā (main verb); Kartā = वयम् (implied ‘we’)
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वा (ह्वयति/हवते) ‘to call, invoke’
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