Rig Veda 9.97.40: Mandala 9, Sukta 97, Mantra 40

Sukta 9.97

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (cosmic aspect)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अक्रान्त्समुद्रः प्रथमे विधर्मञ्जनयन्प्रजा भुवनस्य राजा । वृषा पवित्रे अधि सानो अव्ये बृहत्सोमो वावृधे सुवान इन्दुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.97.40

Transliteration

ákrānt samudráḥ prathamé vidhárman janáyan prajā́ bhuvánasya rā́jā | vṛ́ṣā pavítre ádhi sā́nó avyé bṛhát sómo vāvṛdhe suvā́na índuḥ ||

Translation

L’Océan s’est avancé lors de la première mise en place de la Loi, engendrant les créatures, roi du devenir. Tel un taureau sur le filtre, sur la crête de laine, le vaste Soma a grandi — Indu, pressé vers la naissance.

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Word by Word

• अक्रान्त्: (he) strode/stepped forth
• अक्रान्त्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रम् (क्रमुँ) / प्र-क्रम्

• समुद्रः: the ocean
• समुद्रः: Kartā (apposition to the subject, i.e., Soma as ‘ocean’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक) < सम्-उद्-दृ (etym.)

• प्रथमे: in the first (place/occasion)
• प्रथमे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• विधर्मन्: in the ordinance/established order
• विधर्मन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) < वि-धृ (धारण/विधान)

• जनयन्: generating, begetting
• जनयन्: Kartā (agreeing with the main subject) / also indicates action toward object
• Type: Verb (present participle)
• Root: जन् (जनँ) / जनयति (caus.)

• प्रजाः: creatures, offspring
• प्रजाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)

• भुवनस्य: of the world/existence
• भुवनस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन (प्रातिपदिक) < भू

• राजा: king
• राजा: Kartā (apposition/title of the subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषा: the bull (the vigorous one)
• वृषा: Kartā (apposition/epithet of Soma)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पवित्रे: in/on the filter (sieve)
• पवित्रे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पवित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• अधि: upon, over
• अधि: Adhikaraṇa (marks ‘upon/over’ with locative)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अधि

• सानो: on the ridge/summit (surface)
• सानो: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सानु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अव्ये: on the woollen (filter)
• अव्ये: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अवि (प्रातिपदिक) → अव्य (adj. ‘of sheep/woollen’)

• बृहत्: great
• बृहत्: Kartā (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमः: Soma
• सोमः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• वावृधे: has grown, has increased
• वावृधे: Kriyā (main predicate of the clause)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (वृधँ) → ववृध् (reduplicated perfect)

• सुवानः: being pressed, being expressed
• सुवानः: Kartā (descriptive of Soma as being pressed/flowing)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: सु (सुनोति) / सुवा (PPP/part.)

• इन्दुः: the bright drop (Soma)
• इन्दुः: Kartā (apposition to सोमः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)