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Valmiki Ramayana 2.21.42Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 42

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकविंशः सर्गः

Lakṣmaṇa’s militant counsel and Rāma’s dharma-based persuasion of Kausalyā

सोऽहं न शक्ष्यामि पितुर्नियोगमतिवर्तितुम्।पितुर्हिवचनाद्वीर कैकेय्याऽहं प्रचोदितः।।2.21.42।।

so ’haṃ na śakṣyāmi pitur niyogam ativartitum |

pitur hi vacanād vīra kaikeyyā ’haṃ pracoditaḥ ||2.21.42||

Así pues, no puedo transgredir el mandato de mi padre. Pues sólo por la palabra de mi padre, oh héroe, he sido instigado por Kaikeyī (hacia el destierro).

saḥthat (I)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; 'that (person)' used with aham: 'I, such as I am'
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
śakṣyāmiI will be able
śakṣyāmi:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśak (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
pituḥof father
pituḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
niyogamcommand
niyogam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootniyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
ativartitumto transgress
ativartitum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootati+vṛt (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (infinitive); 'to transgress/overstep'
pituḥof father
pituḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
hifor/indeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formहेतौ/निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय
vacanātfrom the command
vacanāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootvacana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन; 'from the word/command'
vīraO hero
vīra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
kaikeyyāby Kaikeyi
kaikeyyā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkaikeyī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
pracoditaḥurged
pracoditaḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra+cod (धातु)
Formप्रचोदित (क्त) कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'urged/impelled'

O hero! I cannot transgress the command of my father since at his instance only Kaikeyi urged me (to go to the forest).

F
father (Daśaratha, implied)
K
Kaikeyī
D
Dharma (implicit through obedience)

FAQs

Dharma here is obedience to a legitimate parental command, even when the immediate cause (Kaikeyī’s urging) is painful. The father’s word is treated as morally binding.

Lakṣmaṇa is agitated; Rāma explains that he will not violate Daśaratha’s command, and that Kaikeyī’s role operates through the father’s pledged word.

Rāma’s self-restraint and fidelity to duty: he refuses to justify disobedience even under provocation.

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