
Sukta 4.50
Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional for Mandala 4; hymn 4.50 addressed to Bṛhaspati)
Bṛhaspati
Tr̥ṣṭubh (likely; confirmable from full hymn prosody)
RV 4.50 is a Tr̥ṣṭubh hymn to Bṛhaspati, the lord of sacred speech and priestly power, invoked as protector of the community’s “foundation” and as the force that overcomes hostile assaults and obstructions. The hymn praises his victorious might, asks him to guard the generative womb of right order, and culminates in a joint appeal to Bṛhaspati with Indra for increase, right-minded guidance, and the crushing of adversities.
Mantra 2
धुनेतयः सुप्रकेतं मदन्तो बृहस्पते अभि ये नस्ततस्रे । पृषन्तं सृप्रमदब्धमूर्वं बृहस्पते रक्षतादस्य योनिम् ॥
O Bṛhaspati, those shaking assailants who rush upon us, exulting—against the well-guided light within—may you protect the strong, unfailing wide foundation, and guard its womb of formation.
Mantra 3
बृहस्पते या परमा परावदत आ त ऋतस्पृशो नि षेदुः । तुभ्यं खाता अवता अद्रिदुग्धा मध्वः श्चोतन्त्यभितो विरप्शम् ॥
O Bṛhaspati, from that supreme far region the touchers of the Truth have sat down near you; for you the dug-out wells, milked by the pressing-stone, drip honeyed delight on every side into the wide working of consciousness.
Mantra 4
बृहस्पतिः प्रथमं जायमानो महो ज्योतिषः परमे व्योमन् । सप्तास्यस्तुविजातो रवेण वि सप्तरश्मिरधमत्तमांसि ॥
Bṛhaspati, being born first, in the highest heaven of the great Light—seven-mouthed, mightily born—by his cry, seven-rayed, he drove apart the darknesses.
Mantra 5
स सुष्टुभा स ऋक्वता गणेन वलं रुरोज फलिगं रवेण । बृहस्पतिरुस्रिया हव्यसूदः कनिक्रदद्वावशतीरुदाजत् ॥
He, with the well-formed hymn and the company of seers, broke open Vala, the enclosing cave, by his cry. Bṛhaspati, the bringer of the offering’s flame, lowing, sent forth upward the radiant cows—rays of knowledge that were hidden.
Mantra 6
एवा पित्रे विश्वदेवाय वृष्णे यज्ञैर्विधेम नमसा हविर्भिः । बृहस्पते सुप्रजा वीरवन्तो वयं स्याम पतयो रयीणाम् ॥
Thus to the Father, the all-divine Strong One, we would serve with sacrifices, with homage and with offerings. O Bṛhaspati, may we be of good progeny, rich in heroic force, and masters of plenitudes of being.
Mantra 7
स इद्राजा प्रतिजन्यानि विश्वा शुष्मेण तस्थावभि वीर्येण । बृहस्पतिं यः सुभृतं बिभर्ति वल्गूयति वन्दते पूर्वभाजम् ॥
He indeed becomes the king: by force of inner ardour and by heroic power he stands over all opposing births and claimants. Whoever bears within him the well-sustained Brihaspati, rejoices and offers adoration to the ancient First-Sharer (of the Truth).
Mantra 8
स इत्क्षेति सुधित ओकसि स्वे तस्मा इळा पिन्वते विश्वदानीम् । तस्मै विशः स्वयमेवा नमन्ते यस्मिन्ब्रह्मा राजनि पूर्व एति ॥
He dwells indeed in his own well-founded home; for him the nourishing Ila swells the universal giving. To him the peoples of the being bow of themselves, in whom the Brahman (the inspired power) goes first before the kingly will.
Mantra 9
अप्रतीतो जयति सं धनानि प्रतिजन्यान्युत या सजन्या । अवस्यवे यो वरिवः कृणोति ब्रह्मणे राजा तमवन्ति देवाः ॥
Unopposed he wins together the riches—those of the adversary and even those of his own kindred—he who makes a wide room for the Brahman in his need. The gods protect that king who serves the inspired power.
Mantra 10
इन्द्रश्च सोमं पिबतं बृहस्पतेऽस्मिन्यज्ञे मन्दसाना वृषण्वसू । आ वां विशन्त्विन्दवः स्वाभुवोऽस्मे रयिं सर्ववीरं नि यच्छतम् ॥
Indra and Brihaspati, drink the Soma in this sacrifice, rejoicing as strong bringers of luminous wealth. Let the Soma drops enter into you in their own true becoming; then set down in us the plenitude of riches full of heroic powers.
Mantra 11
बृहस्पत इन्द्र वर्धतं नः सचा सा वां सुमतिर्भूत्वस्मे । अविष्टं धियो जिगृतं पुरंधीर्जजस्तमर्यो वनुषामरातीः ॥
Brihaspati and Indra, increase with us; may your good-minded guidance be in us. Make our thoughts desired and upheld, and our plenitudes of understanding firmly grasping; crush the hostilities of those who would withhold and obstruct.
Bṛhaspati is the lord of sacred speech and priestly power. In this hymn he protects the community, gives right counsel, and overcomes forces that block progress.
It asks him to repel assailants and hostility, guard the secure foundation of life and order, and strengthen inspired thought and understanding so the worshippers can stand firm.
Indra represents victorious force, while Bṛhaspati represents guiding intelligence and mantra-power. Together they are asked to increase the worshippers’ strength, clarity, and success against obstacles.