पितृवाक्यपालनम्, गयाश्रुति-उपदेशः, भरतस्य राज्यग्रहण-निर्देशः (Rama’s Counsel on Vows, the Gaya Śruti, and Bharata’s Return to Rule)
अयोध्याकाण्ड
In Sarga 107 of Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa, Rāma—honoured among relatives—responds to Bharata’s renewed speech by affirming the propriety of Bharata’s stance as Daśaratha’s son through Kaikeyī. Rāma then reconstructs the legal-ethical chain of obligation: Daśaratha’s earlier promise at Kaikeyī’s marriage, the later boon granted to her after service in the deva–asura conflict, and Kaikeyī’s demand for Bharata’s kingdom and Rāma’s exile. Rāma frames his own forest-dwelling as vow-compliance and urges Bharata to complete the same moral arc by accepting coronation swiftly, thereby preserving Daśaratha’s truthfulness. He further instructs Bharata to ‘release the king from his debt’—the burden of an unfulfilled vow—and to honour father and mother. To strengthen the filial imperative, Rāma cites a traditional Gaya-related śruti explaining ‘putra’ as one who saves the father from the hell named Put and protects ancestors; hence many sons are desired so that at least one performs rites at Gayā. Concluding with practical governance and emotional reassurance, Rāma directs Bharata to return to Ayodhyā with Śatrughna and the twice-born, keep the subjects content, while Rāma himself enters Daṇḍaka with Sītā and Lakṣmaṇa—casting their roles as complementary sovereignties: Bharata over men, Rāma over the forest, each sheltered by appropriate ‘shade’ (umbrella vs. trees), and bound together by truth.
Verse 2.107.1
पुनरेवं ब्रुवाणं तं भरतं लक्ष्मणाग्रजः।प्रत्युवाच तत श्श्रीमान् ज्ञातिमध्येऽभिसत्कृतः।।2.107.1।।
Then, as Bharata spoke again in that manner, the illustrious Rāma—elder brother of Lakṣmaṇa, honoured among his kinsmen—replied to him.
Verse 2.107.2
उपपन्नमिदं वाक्यं यत्त्वमेवमभाषथाः।जातः पुत्रो दशरथात्कैकेय्यां राजसत्तमात्।।2.107.2।।
Go to Ayodhyā, Bharata, and keep the people content; go, O valiant one, together with Śatrughna and all the twice-born.
Verse 2.107.3
पुरा भ्रातः पिता न स्स मातरं ते समुद्वहन्।मातामहे समाश्रौषीद्राज्यशुल्कमनुत्तमम्।।2.107.3।।
And I, without delay, shall enter the Daṇḍaka forest—accompanied only by those two: Vaidehī and Lakṣmaṇa, O king.
Verse 2.107.4
दैवासुरे च सङ्ग्रामे जनन्यै तव पार्थिवः।सम्प्रहृष्टो ददौ राजा वरमाराधितः प्रभुः।।2.107.4।।
Be king yourself, Bharata, over men; and I shall be sovereign over the forest’s wild beasts. Go today—glad at heart—to the best of cities; and I too, rejoicing, shall enter the Daṇḍaka wilds.
Verse 2.107.5
ततस्सा सम्प्रतिश्राव्य तव माता यशस्विनी।अयाचत नरश्रेष्ठं द्वौ वरौ वरवर्णिनी।।2.107.5।।तव राज्यं नरव्याघ्र मम प्रव्राजनं तथा।तौ च राजा तदा तस्यै नियुक्तः प्रददौ वरौ।।2.107.6।।
Bharata, let an umbrella, warding off the sun’s fierce heat, cast cool shade upon your head. As for me, content, I shall take refuge in the deeper shade of these forest trees.
Verse 2.107.6
ततः सा सम्प्रतिश्राव्य तव माता यशस्विनी।अयाचत नरश्रेष्ठं द्वौ वरौ वरवर्णिनी।।2.107.5।।तव राज्यं नरव्याघ्र मम प्रव्राजनं तथा।तच्च राजा तदा तस्यै नियुक्तः प्रददौ वरौ।।2.107.6।।
O tiger among men, she demanded these two boons—your kingship, and likewise my banishment; and the king, bound by his pledged promise, then granted them to her.
Verse 2.107.7
तेन पित्राऽहमप्यत्र नियुक्तः पुरुषर्षभ।चतुर्दश वने वासं वर्षाणि वरदानिकम्।।2.107.7।।
Therefore, O best of men, I too have been enjoined by my father—according to the boon’s stipulation—to dwell in the forest here for fourteen years.
Verse 2.107.8
सोऽहं वनमिदं प्राप्तो निर्जनं लक्ष्मणान्वितः।सीतया चाप्रतिद्वन्द्व स्सत्यवादे स्थितः पितुः।।2.107.8।।
Thus I have reached this lonely forest, accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa and Sītā, resolved to uphold the truthfulness of my father—unrivalled in his fidelity to his word.
Verse 2.107.9
भवानपि तथेत्येव पितरं सत्यवादिनम्।कर्तुमर्हति राजेन्द्र क्षिप्रमेवाभिषेचनात्।।2.107.9।।
O Indra among kings, you too should ensure—by proceeding swiftly with the coronation—that our father, true to his word, is vindicated as one who kept his promise.
Verse 2.107.10
ऋणान्मोचय राजानं मत्कृते भरत प्रभुम्।पितरं चापि धर्मज्ञं मातरं चाभिनन्दय।।2.107.10।।
O Bharata, for my sake release the capable king from his debt of obligation; and honour as well the dharma-knowing father and the mother.
Verse 2.107.11
श्रूयते धीमता तात श्रुतिर्गीता यशस्विना।गयेन यजमानेन गयेष्वेव पितॄन् प्रति।।2.107.11।।
Dear brother, it is heard in tradition that a Vedic utterance was once chanted by the illustrious and wise sacrificer Gaya, while performing rites for the ancestors at Gaya.
Verse 2.107.12
पुन्नाम्नो नरकाद् यस्मात् पितरं त्रायते सुतः।तस्मात् पुत्र इति प्रोक्तः पितॄन् यः पाति सर्वतः।।2.107.12।।
Since a son delivers his father from a hell called ‘Put’, therefore he is called putra—one who protects the ancestors in every way.
Verse 2.107.13
एष्टव्या बहवः पुत्रा गुणवन्तो बहुश्रुताः।तेषां वै समवेतानामपि कश्चिद्गयां व्रजेत्।।2.107.13।।
Many sons—virtuous and well-learned—are to be desired, so that even if all are gathered together, at least one may go to Gayā to perform the rites for the ancestors.
Verse 2.107.14
एवं राजर्षय स्सर्वे प्रतीता राजनन्दन।तस्मात्राहि नरश्रेष्ठ पितरं नरकात्प्रभो।।2.107.14।।
Your words are fitting, for you were born as the son of Daśaratha, the most excellent of kings, through Kaikeyī.
Verse 2.107.15
अयोध्यां गच्छ भरत प्रकृतीरनुरञ्जय।शत्रुघ्नसहितो वीर सह सर्वैर्द्विजातिभिः।।2.107.15।।
Formerly, dear brother, when our father married your mother, he gave your maternal grandfather his assurance of an unsurpassed ‘bride-price’: a kingdom rich in revenues.
Verse 2.107.16
प्रवेक्ष्ये दण्डकारण्यमहमप्यविलम्बयन्।आभ्यान्तु सहितो राजन् वैदेह्या लक्ष्मणेन च।।2.107.16।।
And in the war between gods and demons, the lordly king—gratified by your mother—gladly granted her a boon.
Verse 2.107.17
त्वं राजा भरत भव स्वयं नराणां वन्यानामहमपि राजराण्मृगाणाम्।गच्छ त्वं पुरवरमद्य सम्प्रहृष्टस्संहृष्टस्त्वहमपि दण्डकान्प्रवेक्ष्ये।।2.107.17।।
Then your illustrious mother, fair in complexion, having first bound that best of men by a renewed promise, asked for two boons.
Verse 2.107.18
छायां ते दिनकरभाः प्रबाधमानां वर्षत्रं भरत करोतु मूर्ध्नि शीताम्।एतेषामहमपि काननद्रुमाणां छायां तामतिशयिनीं सुखी श्रयिष्ये।।2.107.18।।
“The kingdom for you, O tiger among men, and my banishment as well.” Thus bound by his pledged word, the king then granted her those two boons.
Verse 2.107.19
शत्रुघ्नः कुशलमतिस्तु ते सहायस्सौमित्रिर्मम विदितः प्रधानमित्रम्।चत्वारस्तनयवरा वयं नरेन्द्रं सत्यस्थं भरत चराम मा विषीद।।2.107.19।।
Thus all the royal seers are agreed, O delight of the king’s line; therefore, O best of men, O lord—save your father from hell.