Adhyaya 10

Sutra 1

दक्षिणहस्तवधश्चतुःशतो वा दण्डः चतुर्थे यथाकामी वधः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०१ ॥

Either amputation of the right hand, or a fine of 400 (paṇas); on the fourth (offence), execution at the king’s discretion.

Sutra 2

पञ्चविंशतिपणावरेषु कुक्कुटनकुलमार्जारश्वसूकरस्तेयेषु हिंसायां वा चतुष्पञ्चाशत्पणो दण्डः नासाग्रच्छेदनं वा चण्डालारण्यचराणामर्धदण्डाः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०२ ॥

For theft or injury involving fowl, mongoose, cat, horse, or pig, when the value is under twenty‑five paṇas, the penalty is fifty‑four paṇas; alternatively, cutting off the tip of the nose may be imposed. For caṇḍālas and forest-dwellers, the penalty is half.

Sutra 3

पाशजालकूटावपातेषु बद्धानां मृगपशुपक्षिव्यालमत्स्यानामादाने तच्च तावच्च दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०३ ॥

For taking deer, domestic animals, birds, wild beasts, or fish that have been caught in snares, nets, or concealed pits, the penalty is the same (as the corresponding theft penalty) and in the same amount.

Sutra 4

मृगद्रव्यवनान्मृगद्रव्यापहारे शात्यो दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०४ ॥

For stealing game-produce (goods derived from hunting) from a game-reserve/forest store, the penalty is one hundred paṇas.

Sutra 5

बिंबविहारमृगपक्षिस्तेये हिंसायां वा द्विगुणो दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०५ ॥

For theft or injury involving animals or birds in the Bimba-vihāra (a protected preserve), the penalty is doubled.

Sutra 6

कारुशिल्पिकुशीलवतपस्विनां क्षुद्रकद्रव्यापहारे शत्यो दण्डः स्थूलकद्रव्यापहारे द्विशतः कृषिद्रव्यापहारे च ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०६ ॥

For stealing minor goods belonging to artisans, craftsmen, performers, or ascetics, the fine is one hundred paṇas; for stealing major goods, two hundred; and likewise for stealing agricultural goods.

Sutra 7

दुर्गमकृतप्रवेशस्य प्रविशतः प्राकारच्छिद्राद्वा निक्षेपं गृहीत्वापसरतः काण्डरावधो द्विशातो वा दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०७ ॥

For one who gains unauthorized entry into a fort, or who enters through a breach in the rampart and departs after taking a deposited item, the penalty is amputation at the ankle/tendon (kāṇḍarā) or a fine of two hundred paṇas.

Sutra 8

चक्रयुक्तं नावं क्षुद्रपशुं वापहरत एकपादवधः त्रिशतो वा दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०८ ॥

For stealing a wheeled vehicle or a boat, or stealing small livestock, the penalty is amputation of one foot or a fine of three hundred paṇas.

Sutra 9

कूटकाकण्यक्षारालाशलाकाहस्तविषमकारिण एकहस्तवधः चतुःशतो वा दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०९ ॥

For one who manufactures or uses harmful contrivances—such as counterfeit devices, spiked/needle implements, caustic preparations, firebrands/torches, barbed rods, or other injurious hand‑tools—the penalty is amputation of one hand or a fine of four hundred paṇas.

Sutra 10

स्तेनपारदारिकयोः साचिव्यकर्मणि स्त्रियाः संगृहीतायाश्च कर्णनासाच्छेदनम् पञ्चशतो वा दण्डः पुंषो द्विगुणः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.१० ॥

For a woman who assists (acts as an accomplice) to a thief or an adulterer, and for a woman who harbors them, the penalty is cutting off the ear and nose, or a fine of five hundred paṇas; for a man, the penalty is double.

Sutra 11

महापशुमेकं दासं दासीं वापहरतः प्रेतभाण्डं वा विक्रीणानस्य द्विपादवधः षट्छतो वा दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.११ ॥

For stealing a large animal, or abducting a male or female slave, or selling goods belonging to the dead (funerary property), the penalty is amputation of both feet or a fine of six hundred paṇas.

Sutra 12

वर्णोत्तमानां गुरूणां च हस्तपादलङ्घने राजयानवाहनाद्यारोहणे चैकहस्तपादवधः सप्तशतो वा दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.१२ ॥

For one who violates (i.e., assaults/strikes) the hands or feet of persons of higher social rank or of teachers, and for one who mounts the king’s vehicles/animals and the like without authorization, the penalty is mutilation of one hand or one foot, or a fine of 700 (paṇas).

Sutra 13

शूद्रस्य ब्राह्मणवादिनो देवद्रव्यमवस्तृणतो राजद्विष्टमादिशतो द्विनेत्रभेदिनश्च योगाञ्जनेनान्धत्वमष्टशतो वा दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.१३ ॥

For a Śūdra who claims/poses as a Brāhmaṇa, who misappropriates property belonging to a deity/temple, who incites hostility against the king, or who pierces both eyes (of another), the penalty is blinding by medicated collyrium, or a fine of 800 (paṇas).

Sutra 14

चोरं पारदारिकं वा मोक्षयतो राजशासनमूनमतिरिक्तं वा लिखतः कन्यां दासीं वा सहिरण्यमपरहतः कूटव्यवहारिणो विमांसविक्रयिणश्च वामहस्तद्विपादवधो नवशतो वा दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.१४ ॥

For one who releases a thief or an adulterer, who writes a royal order with omissions or additions (i.e., falsifies it), who abducts a maiden or a female slave together with her gold, who conducts fraudulent transactions, and for one who sells prohibited meat—(the penalty is) cutting off the left hand and both feet, or a fine of 900 (paṇas).

Sutra 15

मानुषमांसविक्रये वधः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.१५ ॥

For selling human flesh, the penalty is death.

Sutra 16

देवपशुप्रतिमामनुष्यक्षेत्रगृहहिरण्यसुवर्णरत्नसस्यापहारिण उत्तमो दण्डः शुद्धवधो वा ॥ कZ_०४.१०.१६ ॥

For one who steals deity-property, cattle, idols, human beings, fields, houses, cash, gold, gems, or grain, the highest penalty applies, or execution without mutilation (i.e., a “clean” death).

Sutra 17

अनुबन्धं तदात्वं च देशकालौ समीक्ष्य च ॥ कZ_०४.१०.१७च्द् ॥

Also, after examining the consequent effects (downstream linkage), the immediacy of the situation, and the place and time (context), (the judge should decide).

Sutra 18

राज्ञश्च प्रकृतीनां च कल्पयेदन्तरा स्थितः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.१८च्द् ॥

Standing between (both sides), he should calibrate (the penalty) with regard to both the king and the subjects (constituent elements).