Sutra 8

Devanagari script

चक्रयुक्तं नावं क्षुद्रपशुं वापहरत एकपादवधः त्रिशतो वा दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१०.०८ ॥

Transliteration

cakrayuktaṃ nāvaṃ kṣudrapaśuṃ vā apaharata ekapādavadhaḥ triśato vā daṇḍaḥ

Translation

For stealing a wheeled vehicle or a boat, or stealing small livestock, the penalty is amputation of one foot or a fine of three hundred paṇas.

Word by Word

• चक्रयुक्तम्: wheel-fitted (i.e., fitted with wheels)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: चक्र; युज्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; ‘चक्रेण युक्तम्’ इति विशेषणम्

• नावम्: a boat
• Type: Noun
• Root: नौ
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया

• क्षुद्रपशुम्: a small (minor) animal
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: क्षुद्र; पशु
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; ‘क्षुद्रः पशुः’

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम्

• अपहरति: steals / carries off
• Type: Verb
• Root: अप-हृ
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• एकपादवधः: cutting off one foot (as a punishment)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: एक; पाद; वध
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; दण्ड-प्रकारः—‘एकस्य पादस्य वधः (च्छेदनम्)’

• त्रिशतः: three hundred
• Type: Numeral (compound)
• Root: त्रि; शत
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; ‘त्रीणि शतानि’ = 300

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम्

• दण्डः: punishment / fine
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; विधेयः दण्डः

Entities Mentioned

• cakrayukta (wheeled vehicle)
• nāva (boat)
• kṣudrapaśu (small livestock)

More Details

FAQs

Why are vehicles and boats punished at a high tier?

They are multipliers of trade, logistics, and state movement; stealing them disrupts economic circulation and security, warranting elevated deterrence.