Rig Veda 9.97.16: Mandala 9, Sukta 97, Mantra 16

Sukta 9.97

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

जुष्ट्वी न इन्दो सुपथा सुगान्युरौ पवस्व वरिवांसि कृण्वन् । घनेव विष्वग्दुरितानि विघ्नन्नधि ष्णुना धन्व सानो अव्ये ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.97.16

Transliteration

juṣṭvī́ na indó su-pathā́ su-gā́ny uráu pavasva várivāṃsi kṛṇván | ghanéva víṣvag duritā́ni vi-ghnán ádhi ṣṇúnā dhanva sā́nāv ávye ||

Translation

O Indu, uns gewogen, läutere dich auf gutem Pfad, auf leichtem Gang, im weiten Raum, uns Freiraum (varivas) schaffend. Wie ein schlagender Hammer zerschmettere ringsum die Übel und Widerstände; dränge voran, o Soma, über den wollenen Kamm (das Filter), gepresst und kraftvoll.

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Word by Word

• जुष्ट्वी: having become pleasing; gladly
• जुष्ट्वी: हेतु/पूर्वक्रिया (adverbial qualifier to the main verb पवस्व)
• Type: Kṛdanta (absolutive/gerund) used adverbially
• Root: जुष्ट्वि (कृदन्त; √जुष् ‘to be pleased/approve, to enjoy’)

• नः: of us; our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation with इन्दो)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• इन्दो: O Indu (Soma)
• इन्दो: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: इन्दु-

• सुपथा: O (Soma) of good paths
• सुपथा: सम्बोधन (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective (vocative)
• Root: सु- + पथ-

• सुगानि: easy passages; good goings
• सुगानि: कर्म (with implied ‘make/provide’)
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: सु- + गा/गमन (प्रातिपदिक: सुग- ‘easy to go’)

• उरौ: in the wide (expanse)
• उरौ: अधिकरण
• Type: Adjective (locative)
• Root: उरु-

• पवस्व: purify yourself; flow forth
• पवस्व: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पू (पवते) ‘to purify/flow’

• वरिवांसि: wide spaces; free scope; room
• वरिवांसि: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरिवस्-

• कृण्वन्: making; producing
• कृण्वन्: कर्तृ-विशेषण (simultaneous action with पवस्व)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √कृ (करोति/कृणोति) ‘to make’

• घनेव: like a club; like a smasher
• घनेव: उपमान (manner of action for विघ्नन्)
• Type: Noun + indeclinable simile
• Root: घन- + इव

• विष्वक्: on all sides; everywhere
• विष्वक्: क्रियाविशेषण (directional)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विष्वक् (avyaya) < *viśva-k ‘in all directions’

• दुरितानि: evils; misfortunes; sins
• दुरितानि: कर्म (object of विघ्नन्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरित-

• विघ्नन्: smashing; striking down
• विघ्नन्: कर्तृ-विशेषण (simultaneous action with पवस्व)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √विघ्न/√हन् with vi- (Vedic usage ‘to smite, shatter, remove obstacles/evils’)

• अधि: upon; over
• अधि: अधिकरण-सम्बन्ध (upon/over)
• Type: Indeclinable (upasarga/preposition)
• Root: अधि (preverb/indeclinable)

• ष्णुना: with the strainer; through the sieve
• ष्णुना: करण (instrument of filtering/flowing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ष्णु- (instrumental; Vedic noun, ‘sieve/strainer’ used in Soma-filtering)

• धन्व: the course; the stretch
• धन्व: कर्म/गत्यर्थ-लक्ष्य (what is traversed/extended over)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन्वन्/धन्व- ‘expanse, course; bow-like stretch’ (Vedic)

• सानः: the crest; the foam/summit
• सानः: कर्तृ/आधार (subject/apposition to Soma: ‘the crest/foam’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सान- (from √सो/√सन्? Vedic ‘ridge/height; summit; surface’; also used of Soma ‘crest/foam’)

• अव्ये: on the wool (filter)
• अव्ये: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अव्य- ‘sheep; wool’ (also ‘woolen filter’)