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Rig Veda 5.31.1: Mandala 5, Sukta 31, Mantra 1

Sukta 5.31

Rishi: Atri Bhauma (Ātreya) (traditional for RV 5.31)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm via metrical audit)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इन्द्रो रथाय प्रवतं कृणोति यमध्यस्थान्मघवा वाजयन्तम् । यूथेव पश्वो व्युनोति गोपा अरिष्टो याति प्रथमः सिषासन् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.31.1
Transliteration

índro rathā́ya pravátaṃ kṛṇoti yám adhyásthān maghávā vājayántam | yūthéva paśvó vy ùnoti gopā́ áriṣṭo yāti prathamáḥ sisā́sān ||

Translation

Indra schafft der Fahrt des Wagens den abwärts führenden Weg, den der Freigebige besteigt, die Fülle der Kraft antreibend. Wie ein Hirt trennt und ordnet er die Herden; unversehrt zieht er als Erster dahin, alles recht in Gang zu setzen begehrend.

Word by Word
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
रथायfor the chariot
रथाय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रवतंa downward slope / descent
प्रवतं:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवत (प्रातिपदिक)
कृणोतिmakes, forms
कृणोति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
यम्whom / which
यम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अध्यस्थात्mounted, stood upon
अध्यस्थात्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-स्था (धातु)
मघवाthe bountiful one (Indra)
मघवा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootमघवन् (प्रातिपदिक)
वाजयन्तम्driving on / urging to speed, making (it) win
वाजयन्तम्:
कर्म
TypeParticiple (present active)
Rootवाजय (नामधातु/कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; वाजयति < वाज)
यूथेवlike a herd
यूथेव:
—
TypeNoun + Indeclinable
Rootयूथ (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (अव्यय)
पश्वःof cattle
पश्वः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
विउनोतिseparates, arranges apart
विउनोति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवि-उ (धातु; उ/व् ‘to weave/arrange/separate’)
गोपाःthe herdsman, protector of cows
गोपाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootगोपा (प्रातिपदिक; गो + पा ‘protector’)
अरिष्टःunharmed, uninjured
अरिष्टः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootअरिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
यातिgoes
याति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
प्रथमःfirst
प्रथमः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
सिषासन्wishing to instruct/lead, desiring to set in motion
सिषासन्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeParticiple (desiderative, present active)
Rootसस्/शास् (धातु; desiderative stem सिषास-)
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