Rig Veda 5.18.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 18, Mantra 3
Sukta 5.18
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition; Mandala 5 is predominantly Ātreya)
Devata: Agni (as śociṣ, the flame of illumination; invoked as leader of the bountiful journey)
Chandas: Tristubh (probable for RV 5.18; exact pada-count not computed here)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तं वो दीर्घायुशोचिषं गिरा हुवे मघोनाम् । अरिष्टो येषां रथो व्यश्वदावन्नीयते ॥
Transliteration
táṃ vo dīrghā́yuśociṣaṃ girā́ huve maghónām | áriṣṭo yéṣāṃ rátho vy àśvadā́vann ī́yate ||
Translation
Ihn—die langlebige Flamme leuchtender Macht—rufe ich mit dem Wort des Anrufs für euch, ihr Spender der Fülle; dessen Wagen unversehrt vorwärtszieht, weit getragen von den Rossen der Kraft.
Word by Word
तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वःfor you (pl.) / to you
वः:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दीर्घायुः-शोचिषम्(him) of long life and radiant splendor
दीर्घायुः-शोचिषम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootदीर्घायु (समास-प्रातिपदिक) + शोचिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
गिराwith a hymn/voice
गिरा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootगिर् (प्रातिपदिक)
हुवेI invoke/call
हुवे:
—
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वे (ह्वयति/ह्वयते)
मघोनाम्of the bountiful ones (patrons)
मघोनाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमघवन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अरिष्टःunharmed, uninjured
अरिष्टः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootअरिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
येषाम्of whom
येषाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
रथःthe chariot
रथः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अश्वदावन्horse-running, drawn by swift horses
अश्वदावन्:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (kṛdanta)
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक) + √दा/दाव् (धातु; ‘दौति/दावति’ = to run) → दावन् (कृदन्त)
नीयतेis led/driven (is conducted)
नीयते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√नी (नयति) + नि- (उपसर्ग) → नीयते
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