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Rig Veda 1.84.16: Mandala 1, Sukta 84, Mantra 16

Sukta 1.84

Rishi: Gotama Rāhūgaṇa
Devata: Indra (implicit as the true yoker/master of r̥ta-steeds; verse framed as a challenge)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; long compound-packed lines typical of triṣṭubh diction)

को अद्य युङ्क्ते धुरि गा ऋतस्य शिमीवतो भामिनो दुर्हृणायून् । आसन्निषून्हृत्स्वसो मयोभून्य एषां भृत्यामृणधत्स जीवात् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.84.16

kó adyá yuṅkte dhurí gā́ ṛtásya śimī́-vato bhā́mino duḥ-hṛṇāyū́n | āsán-niṣūn hṛtsváso mayo-bhū́n yá eṣāṃ bhṛtyā́m ṛṇádhat sá jīvāt ||

Wer spannt heute an die Deichsel die Rosse der Ṛta an — stürmisch, flammend, schwer zu zügeln? Mit Pfeilen sitzend, aus dem Herzen atmend, Wonne bringend: wer sie zum Dienst zu gewinnen vermag, der lebe.

कःwho?
कः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) / कः (सर्वनाम)
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
अधिकरण (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
युङ्क्तेyokes, harnesses
युङ्क्ते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (युजँ समाधौ/युजिर् योगे)
धुरिon the yoke/pole
धुरि:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootधुर् (धुर्-प्रातिपदिक)
गाःcows (draft-animals)
गाः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootगो (गो-प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (ऋत-प्रातिपदिक)
शिमीवतःof the vigorous/impetuous one
शिमीवतः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootशिमीवत् (शिमीवत्-प्रातिपदिक)
भामिनःof the radiant/fiery one
भामिनः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootभामिन् (भामिन्-प्रातिपदिक)
दुर्हृणायून्hard-to-overcome (foes), of evil intent
दुर्हृणायून्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootदुर्हृणायु (दुर्हृणायु-प्रातिपदिक)
आसन्they were
आसन्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (असँ भुवि)
निषून्slain, struck down
निषून्:
कर्तृ (आसन् इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective/Participle (used substantively)
Rootनिषू (निषू-प्रातिपदिक; ‘slain/struck down’)
हृत्स्वसःheart-kin/heart-friends (intimate allies)
हृत्स्वसः:
कर्तृ (आसन् इत्यस्य; निषून् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootहृत्स्वस् (हृत्स्वस्-प्रातिपदिक)
मयोभूनिbringing delight, beneficent
मयोभूनि:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootमयोभू (मयोभू-प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho (he who)
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (यः-सर्वनाम)
एषाम्of these, their
एषाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एषद्-प्रातिपदिक)
भृत्याम्service, servitude
भृत्याम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य (भृत्य-प्रातिपदिक)
ऋणधत्he harmed/overpowered
ऋणधत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootऋणध् (ऋणधँ हिंसायाम्/अवरोधने; Vedic)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सः-सर्वनाम)
जीवात्let him live
जीवात्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (जीवँ प्राणधारणे)

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