Atharva Veda 7.73.7: Kanda 7, Anuvaka 8, Sukta 73, Mantra 7

Sukta 73

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

उप॑ ह्वये सु॒दुघां॑ धे॒नुमे॒तां सु॒हस्तो॑ गो॒धुगु॒त दो॑हदेनाम्। श्रेष्ठं॑ स॒वं स॑वि॒ता सा॑विषन्नो॒ऽभीऽद्धो घ॒र्मस्तदु॒ षु प्र वो॑चत्

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 7.73.7

IAST Transliteration

úpa hvaye su-dúghāṃ dhenúm etā́ṃ su-hásto go-dhugút dohád enām | śréṣṭhaṃ saváṃ savitā́ sāvīṣan no ’bhí ’ddho gharmás tád u ṣú prá vocat

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Hither I call this well-yielding milch-cow: with skilful hands the cow-milker milketh her. Savitar hath impelled for us the best impulsion; verily the Gharma, kindled and set thereto, proclaimeth that straightway.

Translation

Hierher rufe ich diese reichlich milchgebende Kuh; mit kundigen Händen melkt der Kuhmelker sie. Savitar hat uns den besten Antrieb verliehen; wahrlich, der Gharma, entzündet und dazu bereitgestellt, verkündet dies sogleich.

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Word by Word

• उप: near, towards
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ह्वये: I call/invoke
• ह्वये: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वे (ह्वा) आह्वाने

• सुदुघाम्: well-milking, yielding much milk
• सुदुघाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दुघा (प्रातिपदिक; दुह् ‘to milk’ से)

• धेनुम्: the milch-cow
• धेनुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• एताम्: this
• एताम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सुहस्तः: having good hands, deft-handed
• सुहस्तः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-हस्त (प्रातिपदिक)

• गोधुक्: the cow-milker
• गोधुक्: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो-दुह् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘cow-milker’)

• उत: and, also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (अव्यय)

• दोहदेनाम्: with the milking/act of milking; her
• दोहदेनाम्: Karaṇa (दोहदेन) + Karma (एनाम्)
• Type: Noun + Pronoun
• Root: दोहद (प्रातिपदिक) + एनाम् (एतद् सर्वनाम)

• श्रेष्ठम्: the best
• श्रेष्ठम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)

• सवम्: impulsion, stimulation (sacred incitement)
• सवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सव (प्रातिपदिक)

• सविता: Savitar (the impeller deity)
• सविता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• साविषत्: impelled, set in motion
• साविषत्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सू (सुव्) प्रेरणे/सवने (कारणार्थे)

• नः: for us / to us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अद्धः: clearly; straightway / downwards (contextual)
• अद्धः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्धस् (अव्यय/नाम)

• घर्मः: Gharma; heat; (ritual) hot offering
• घर्मः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: घर्म (प्रातिपदिक)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma/—
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• उ: indeed, just
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• षु: quickly; emphatic particle
• षु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: षु (निपात)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• वोचत्: spoke, uttered
• वोचत्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (वचने)

Attribution

Rishi: As hymn (AVŚ 7.73) per anukramaṇī; requires external verification.

Devata: Savitar; Gharma (as ritual power); Cow as prosperity-agent.

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like (verification needed).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: adbhuta