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Atharva Veda 7.40.1: Kanda 7, Anuvaka 4, Sukta 40, Mantra 1

Sukta 40

सरस्वान्। यस्य॑ व्र॒तं प॒शवो॒ यन्ति॒ सर्वे॒ यस्य॑ व्र॒त उ॑प॒तिष्ठ॑न्त॒ आपः॑ । यस्य॑ व्र॒ते पु॑ष्ट॒पति॒र्निवि॑ष्ट॒स्तं सर॑स्वन्त॒मव॑से हवामहे

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 7.40.1

sárasvān | yásya vratáṃ paśávo yánti sárve yásya vratá upatíṣṭhanta ā́paḥ | yásya vraté puṣṭápatiḥ níviṣṭas táṃ sárasvantam ávase havāmahé

Sarasvant—whose ordinance all cattle follow, whose ordinance the Waters attend; in whose ordinance the Lord of Nourishment is established: him, Sarasvant, for aid we invoke.

Sarasvant – dessen Gelübde alle Herden folgen, dessen Gelübde die Wasser verehren; in dessen Gelübde der Herr der Nahrung (Puṣṭipati) gegründet ist: ihn, Sarasvant, rufen wir um Beistand an.

सरस्वान्O Sarasvān (the Sarasvat-possessing one)
सरस्वान्:
सम्बोधन/आह्वान (वाक्ये स्तुत्य-देवता)
TypeAdjective (नामवत्)
Rootसरस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक) प्रत्यय -वत्
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
व्रतम्vow; ordinance; sacred rule
व्रतम्:
कर्म (यन्ति—कस्य? व्रतम्) / विषय
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
पशवःthe cattle; animals
पशवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
यन्तिgo; proceed
यन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) [गत्यर्थः]
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
विशेषण (पशवः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
व्रतेin/at the ordinance (vow)
व्रते:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
उपतिष्ठन्तेattend upon; stand by; wait upon
उपतिष्ठन्ते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootउप-स्था (धातु) [सेवन/उपस्थानार्थः]
आपःthe waters
आपः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootआप् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुवचन-प्रयोगः)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
व्रतेin/within the ordinance
व्रते:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
पुष्टपतिःthe lord of nourishment (Pūṣṭi’s lord)
पुष्टपतिः:
कर्तृ/अस्ति-सम्बन्ध (निविष्टः इति विशेष्यः)
TypeNoun
Rootपुष्टि-पति (समासः: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)
निविष्टःseated; established; settled
निविष्टः:
विशेषण (पुष्टपतिः)
TypeParticiple
Rootनि-विश् (धातु) → निविष्ट (कृदन्त; क्त)
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म (हवामहे)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सरस्वन्तम्Sarasvān; the Sarasvat-possessing one
सरस्वन्तम्:
कर्म (तम्—विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (नामवत्)
Rootसरस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक) प्रत्यय -वत्
अवसेfor help; for protection
अवसे:
सम्प्रदान (प्रयोजन/हितार्थ)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
हवामहेwe invoke; we call upon
हवामहे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootह्वा (धातु) [आह्वानार्थः]

Rishi: Traditionally Atharvanic/Angirasa attribution for this paustika complex (hymn-level ascription varies by Anukramaṇī)

Devata: Sarasvant (with the Waters and Puṣṭi/puṣṭapati as associated powers)

Chandas: Mixed/Triṣṭubh-like cadence (hymn-level metrical assignment varies in recensions)

Primary: shanta

Secondary: vira

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