Rig Veda 9.28.3: Mandala 9, Sukta 28, Mantra 3
Sukta 9.28
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (with Vṛtra-slaying epithet)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एष देवः शुभायतेऽधि योनावमर्त्यः । वृत्रहा देववीतमः ॥
Transliteration
eṣá deváḥ śubhāyate ádhi yónāv amártyaḥ | vṛtrá-hā deva-vītamáḥ ||
Translation
此神圣的苏摩，在显现之胎（yoni）上熠熠生辉，不死；诛灭遮蔽者（Vṛtra）者，最善于赢得诸天、最蒙诸天喜悦者——引诸神力来临于我等之行作。
Word by Word
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
कर्तृ (वाक्यस्य कर्ता)
TypePronoun (Demonstrative)
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → एष-
देवःthe god; divine one
देवः:
कर्तृ (एषः इत्यस्य विशेषण/समनाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
शुभायतेshines forth; becomes splendid
शुभायते:
क्रिया (कर्तृ-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootशुभ् (धातु; ‘to shine/beautify’) → शुभाय (नामधातु/denominative)
अधिupon; over
अधि:
अधिकरण-निर्देशक (upon/over)
TypeIndeclinable (Preverb/Adverb)
Rootअधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
योनौin/at the womb; in the seat (vat)
योनौ:
अधिकरण (स्थान: ‘in/on the womb/seat’)
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि (प्रातिपदिक)
अमर्त्यःimmortal
अमर्त्यः:
कर्तृ (देवस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक; a-mṛtya ‘not mortal’)
वृत्रहाVṛtra-slayer
वृत्रहा:
कर्तृ (देवस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + हन् ‘slayer of Vṛtra’)
देववीतमःmost dear/most welcome to the gods
देववीतमः:
कर्तृ (देवस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (superlative epithet)
Rootदेववीत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘most welcomed/most sought by the gods’) + तमप् (तम-प्रत्यय, superlative)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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