Rig Veda 8.49.2: Mandala 8, Sukta 49, Mantra 2
Sukta 8.49
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
शतानीकेव प्र जिगाति धृष्णुया हन्ति वृत्राणि दाशुषे । गिरेरिव प्र रसा अस्य पिन्विरे दत्राणि पुरुभोजसः ॥
Transliteration
śatā́nīkeva prá jigāti dhṛṣṇu-yā́ hánti vṛtrā́ṇi dāśúṣe | girériva prá rasā́ asya pinvire dátrāṇi puru-bhójasāḥ ||
Translation
如百旗之军阵，他勇猛前进；以迅猛之势，为施与者击倒诸弗栗陀罗（Vṛtra）。如山中汁流奔涌，他的赐予澎湃而出——那位享用与威力丰盛者。
Word by Word
शतानीकःthe hundred-battled/with hundred hosts (Indra)
शतानीकः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootशत-नीक (प्रातिपदिक) < नीक ‘मुख/सेना-समूह’
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र
जिगातिgoes forth / advances
जिगाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गच्छति) — desiderative stem जिगा-
धृष्णुयाwith bold force / with daring power
धृष्णुया:
करण
TypeNoun (instrumental of manner/power)
Rootधृष्णु (प्रातिपदिक) < √धृष् ‘धर्षणे/साहसे’
हन्तिslays
हन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
वृत्राणिVṛtra-obstacles / obstructing foes
वृत्राणि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृ ‘आवरणे’
दाशुषेfor the worshipper (the pious giver)
दाशुषे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (participle-stem used as noun)
Rootदाशु (प्रातिपदिक) < √दाश्/√दश् ‘दान/पूजा’ (RV: ‘worshipper, giver’)
गिरेःof a mountain
गिरेः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootगिरि (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
प्रforth
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र
रसाःjuices/streams (sap, flow)
रसाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootरस (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्यof him / his
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पिन्विरेhave surged / have been set in motion
पिन्विरे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पिव्/√पिन्व् (RV) ‘पिन्वते—to swell, set in motion, impel’
दत्राणिgifts
दत्राणि:
कर्म (with implied ‘he gives’) / or विषय
TypeNoun
Rootदत्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘gift’ < √दा ‘to give’
पुरुभोजसःof abundant bounty / richly bestowing
पुरुभोजसः:
कर्तृ (apposition to the subject, i.e., Indra)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootपुरु-भोजस् (बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समास; प्रातिपदिक)
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