Rig Veda 7.79.2: Mandala 7, Sukta 79, Mantra 2
Sukta 7.79
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (probable)
Devata: Uṣas (with Savitṛ as simile)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
व्यञ्जते दिवो अन्तेष्वक्तून्विशो न युक्ता उषसो यतन्ते । सं ते गावस्तम आ वर्तयन्ति ज्योतिर्यच्छन्ति सवितेव बाहू ॥
Transliteration
vy àñjate divó ánteṣv aktū́n víśo ná yuktā́ uṣáso yatante | sáṃ te gā́vas táma ā́ vartayanti jyótir yácchanti savitéva bāhū́ ||
Translation
在天穹之夜的尽头，它们舒展自身；如同已套轭的众民，诸黎明奋力前行。你的光线——光之母牛——使黑暗退转，托举光明，如同萨维特里（Savitṛ）伸出催动之臂。
Word by Word
व्यञ्जतेthey manifest/appear, become visible
व्यञ्जते:
Kriyā (of subject ‘उषसः’)
TypeVerb
Rootव्यञ्ज् (vy-añj) / √अञ्ज्
दिवःof heaven/sky
दिवः:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (prātipadika: दिव्/द्यौ-)
अन्तेषुat the ends/borders
अन्तेषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त (prātipadika)
अक्तून्nights (dark periods)
अक्तून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्तु (prātipadika)
विशःclans/settlements
विशः:
Kartā (simile-subject) / Upamāna
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (prātipadika)
नlike/as
न:
Upamā-vācaka
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
युक्ताःyoked, harnessed, joined
युक्ताः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of implied subject in simile: ‘विशः’)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootयुज् → युक्त (PPP)
उषसःthe Dawns
उषसः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (prātipadika)
यतन्तेthey strive/press on, hasten
यतन्ते:
Kriyā (main verb of clause)
TypeVerb
Rootयत् (√यत्)
सम्together, completely
सम्:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootसम्
तेfor you/to you
ते:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्/युष्मद् (enclitic pronoun)
गावःcows
गावः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootगो (prātipadika)
तमःdarkness
तमः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (prātipadika)
आtowards, hither
आ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootआ
वर्तयन्तिthey cause to turn/roll away, drive off
वर्तयन्ति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (causative: वर्तय-)
ज्योतिःlight
ज्योतिः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (prātipadika)
यच्छन्तिthey extend/grant, bestow
यच्छन्ति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootयम् (√यम्)
सविताSavitar (the impeller Sun-god)
सविता:
Kartā (of implied comparison) / Upamāna
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (prātipadika)
इवlike
इव:
Upamā-vācaka
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
बाहूtwo arms
बाहू:
Karma (object of ‘यच्छन्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (prātipadika)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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