Rig Veda 4.53.4: Mandala 4, Sukta 53, Mantra 4
Sukta 4.53
Devata: Savitṛ
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अदाभ्यो भुवनानि प्रचाकशद्व्रतानि देवः सविताभि रक्षते । प्रास्राग्बाहू भुवनस्य प्रजाभ्यो धृतव्रतो महो अज्मस्य राजति ॥
Transliteration
adā́bhyo bhúvanāni pra-cā́kaśad vratā́ni deváḥ savitā́bhi rakṣate | prā́srāg bāhū́ bhúvanasya prajā́bhyo dhr̥tá-vrato mahó ájmasya rājati ||
Translation
无可侵害者，使诸世界显耀发光；天神萨维特里（Savitṛ）守护正行之法则（vratá）。他为诸生成与其众生伸展双臂；持誓坚固者，在其广大而远行的威势中辉耀。
Word by Word
अदाभ्यःunassailable, unharming
अदाभ्यः:
Kartā (देवः सविता का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअदाभ्य (प्रातिपदिक; a-दाभ्य, √दभ् ‘to harm/deceive’ से) अथवा ‘अदाभ्य’ विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक
भुवनानिworlds, beings/realms
भुवनानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन (प्रातिपदिक; √भू ‘to be’ से)
प्रचाकशत्made (them) shine forth / manifested
प्रचाकशत्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√काश् (काशते/चाकशत्; ‘to shine, make manifest’)
व्रतानिordinances, fixed laws/commands
व्रतानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
देवःthe god
देवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
सविताSavitar
सविता:
Kartā (देवः का अप्पोज़िशन)
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिtowards, over
अभि:
(क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि
रक्षतेprotects
रक्षते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√रक्ष् (to protect)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
(क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र
अस्राक्stretched out
अस्राक्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√सृज्/√स्रज् (वेदिक रूप; ‘to stretch/extend/let go’), यहाँ ‘अस्राक्’ = लुङ् 3 एकवचन
बाहू(his) two arms
बाहू:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
भुवनस्यof the world/realm
भुवनस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रजाभ्यःfor the creatures/offspring
प्रजाभ्यः:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
धृतव्रतःwhose ordinances are firm/held
धृतव्रतः:
Kartā (सविता का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootधृत-व्रत (कृदन्त-समास; धृत = √धृ ‘held’ + व्रत)
महःof great might
महः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootमहत्/महस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘greatness, might’)
अज्मस्यof the course/track (of his movement)
अज्मस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootअज्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘course, path, drive’)
राजतिshines, is resplendent
राजति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√राज् (to shine, be splendid; also ‘to rule’)
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