Rig Veda 4.53.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 53, Mantra 2
Sukta 4.53
Devata: Savitṛ
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दिवो धर्ता भुवनस्य प्रजापतिः पिशङ्गं द्रापिं प्रति मुञ्चते कविः । विचक्षणः प्रथयन्नापृणन्नुर्वजीजनत्सविता सुम्नमुक्थ्यम् ॥
Transliteration
divó dhartā́ bhúvanasya prajā́patiḥ piśáṅgaṃ drā́piṃ práti muñcate kavíḥ | vi-cakṣaṇáḥ pratháyann āpr̥ṇánn urv ájījanat savitā́ sumnám ukthyàm ||
Translation
萨维特ṛ，持天之主、众有之生主（Prajāpati），那位圣见者（kavi），在前方解开赭黄的披衣。具洞见者开启视域，扩展并充盈诸方，令广大得以诞生；他生出那配受颂歌的福祉——灵魂之吉庆。
Word by Word
दिवःof heaven
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्/द्यौ ‘स्वर्ग’)
धर्ताthe supporter
धर्ता:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (agent)
Root√धृ (धारणे) → कर्तृ-प्रत्यय -तृ (धर्तृ)
भुवनस्यof the world/creatures
भुवनस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन (√भू ‘to be’ + -अन) प्रातिपदिक
प्रजापतिःPrajāpati, lord of creatures
प्रजापतिः:
कर्तृ (apposition to धर्ता)
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootप्रजा + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
पिशङ्गम्tawny, reddish-brown
पिशङ्गम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootपिशङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
द्रापिम्a cloak/covering
द्रापिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootद्रापि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘cloak/covering, mantle’)
प्रतिtowards, forth
प्रति:
(क्रियाविशेषण; direction toward)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/adverb)
Rootप्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
मुञ्चतेreleases, lets loose
मुञ्चते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√मुच् (मोचने) + उपसर्ग प्रति (semantic)
कविःthe seer
कविः:
कर्तृ (apposition to प्रजापतिः)
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
विचक्षणःclear-sighted
विचक्षणः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootविचक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रथयन्spreading, extending
प्रथयन्:
कर्तृ (सहायक-क्रिया/भाव)
TypeVerbal participle (present active)
Root√प्रथ् (विस्तारे) → शतृ-प्रत्यय (प्रथयन्त्)
आपृणन्filling up
आपृणन्:
कर्तृ (सहायक-क्रिया/भाव)
TypeVerbal participle (present active, Vedic)
Root√पॄ/पृण् (पूरणे) + आ- (उपसर्ग) → शतृ/शानच्-समकक्ष Vedic form (here: nom. sg. masc. participial)
उर्वthe wide (space), the broad expanse
उर्व:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootउरु (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic acc. sg. ‘उर्व’)
अजीजनत्generated, produced
अजीजनत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (जनने) with reduplication (अ-जी-जन-)
सविताSavitar (the impeller Sun-god)
सविता:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
सुम्नम्favor, grace
सुम्नम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसुम्न (प्रातिपदिक)
उक्थ्यम्praiseworthy, to be celebrated in hymns
उक्थ्यम्:
कर्म-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootउक्थ्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘fit for/connected with hymn (uktha)’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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