Rig Veda 4.39.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 39, Mantra 1
Sukta 4.39
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional for many hymns in Maṇḍala 4; this Dadhikrā praise belongs to the same family collection)
Devata: Dadhikrā with support of Uṣas (Dawns) as awakeners
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आशुं दधिक्रां तमु नु ष्टवाम दिवस्पृथिव्या उत चर्किराम । उच्छन्तीर्मामुषसः सूदयन्त्वति विश्वानि दुरितानि पर्षन् ॥
Transliteration
āśúṃ dadhikrā́ṃ tám u nu ṣṭávāma divás pṛthivyā́ utá carkirāma | ucchántīr mām uṣásaḥ sūdayantv áti víśvāni duritā́ni parṣan ||
Translation
那迅疾的达提克罗（Dadhikrā）——如今我们要赞颂他，并从天与地宣扬他。愿升起的黎明唤醒我，愿她们使我越过一切艰难险阻与误行之途。
Word by Word
आशुम्the swift (one)
आशुम्:
Karma (स्तुत्य-वस्तु/उद्देश्य-निर्देशः)
TypeAdjective
Rootआशु- (प्रातिपदिक)
दधिक्राम्Dadhikrā (the swift divine steed)
दधिक्राम्:
Karma (स्तव्यम्)
TypeNoun (proper/theonym)
Rootदधिक्रावन्-/दधिक्राः (प्रातिपदिक; अश्वदेवता)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (दधिक्राम्-प्रत्यवस्थापनम्)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
उindeed, and
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
नुnow
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
ष्टवामlet us two praise
ष्टवाम:
Kriyā (स्तवन-कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootस्तु (धातु)
दिवःof heaven
दिवः:
Apādāna/Adhikaraṇa (उत्पत्तिसम्बन्ध/सम्बन्ध-निर्देशः: ‘of heaven’)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ- (प्रातिपदिक)
पृथिव्याःof earth
पृथिव्याः:
Apādāna/Adhikaraṇa (सम्बन्धः: ‘of earth’)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी- (प्रातिपदिक)
उतand also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत् (निपात)
चर्किरामwe have praised / we have proclaimed
चर्किराम:
Kriyā (कीर्तन/स्तवन-कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) + पुनरुक्ति-आदेश (चर्किर्-)
उच्छन्तीःshining forth, dawning
उच्छन्तीः:
Kartā (सूदयन्तु-क्रियायाः कर्तृ-विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootउद्-शम्/शा? → उच्छन्ती- (उद्+छद्/छन्द्?; वैदिक रूप: ‘उच्छन्ती’ = ‘उद्-गच्छन्ती/उद्-भासमानाः’ उषसः-विशेषणम्)
माम्me
माम्:
Karma (सूदयन्तु—यम्)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
उषसःthe Dawns
उषसः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
सूदयन्तुmay (they) impel/rouse
सूदयन्तु:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootसूदय् (धातु; causative/denominative sense ‘to set in motion, impel, rouse’)
अतिover, beyond; completely
अति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
विश्वानिall
विश्वानि:
Karma (पर्षन्—यत्)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)
दुरितानिmisdeeds, troubles, sins
दुरितानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुरित- (प्रातिपदिक)
पर्षन्may (they) carry (us) across / remove
पर्षन्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootपॄ/पृ (धातु; ‘to carry across, save’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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