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Sukta 10.170
Sūrya / the Great Light (Bṛhat, Vibhrāṭ) with Soma as sustenance; possibly a solar hymn within Soma liturgy
这首短颂赞颂苏利耶(Sūrya)为至上、遍满一切的光——广大者(Bṛhat)、辉耀者(Vibhrāṭ)。他饮啜苏摩之蜜,由此安定生命之气与祭祀。诗中描绘太阳自我维持,在风力推动下运行,守护众生,多方放射光辉;并凭借宇宙匠师毗湿伐羯摩(Viśvakarman)的造作,以及诸神的扶持,支撑并维系一切世界。
Mantra 1
विभ्राड्बृहत्पिबतु सोम्यं मध्वायुर्दधद्यज्ञपतावविह्रुतम् । वातजूतो यो अभिरक्षति त्मना प्रजाः पुपोष पुरुधा वि राजति ॥
愿那广大、遍照者饮啜苏摩(Soma)之蜜;愿它在祭主(yajñapati)之中坚立生命之气(āyus),不为动摇。由风所驱,它以自性守护;它滋养诸生类(prajā),以多种方式辉耀显现。
Mantra 2
विभ्राड्बृहत्सुभृतं वाजसातमं धर्मन्दिवो धरुणे सत्यमर्पितम् । अमित्रहा वृत्रहा दस्युहन्तमं ज्योतिर्जज्ञे असुरहा सपत्नहा ॥
那遍照的广大者,善得扶持,于丰盈之得胜中最为凯旋;它是天之法则(dharma),在根基中坚固安置,真理(satya)被确立。此光诞生为诛灭敌对者、诛灭遮蔽者(Vṛtra)者,最能击杀夺暗之徒;它是毁灭虚妄之力者,亦是摧破对敌者。
Mantra 3
इदं श्रेष्ठं ज्योतिषां ज्योतिरुत्तमं विश्वजिद्धनजिदुच्यते बृहत् । विश्वभ्राड्भ्राजो महि सूर्यो दृश उरु पप्रथे सह ओजो अच्युतम् ॥
此乃诸光之最胜之光,至上之光;它被称为广大者(Bṛhat),为世界之胜者、为财富与丰盈之胜者。遍照之辉、伟大之光辉——为见而为日(Sūrya)——已广布其不可抗拒之力与不坠之威能。
Mantra 4
विभ्राजञ्ज्योतिषा स्वरगच्छो रोचनं दिवः । येनेमा विश्वा भुवनान्याभृता विश्वकर्मणा विश्वदेव्यावता ॥
你以自身的光辉灿然显现,已趋入太阳之界——天穹的明耀之域。凭借你,这一切世界得以支撑与承载:由毗湿瓦羯摩(Viśvakarman,万工之主)所维系,并由诸神之众(Viśvadevāḥ)之力所护持。
The hymn praises Sūrya, described as the Great and all-shining Light (Bṛhat, Vibhrāṭ). Soma appears as the nourishing offering the Light ‘drinks’.
In ritual terms it means the deity accepts the Soma offering. Symbolically, it suggests the supreme Light receives the essence of delight/strength and then establishes vitality and clarity in the sacrificer and the world.
It widens the vision from the visible Sun to the cosmic order: the worlds are upheld through universal workmanship (Viśvakarman) and supported by the collective divine powers (Viśve Devāḥ).
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