Rig Veda 1.85.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 85, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.85
Rishi: Gotama Rāhūgaṇa
Devata: Maruts
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
गोमातरो यच्छुभयन्ते अञ्जिभिस्तनूषु शुभ्रा दधिरे विरुक्मतः । बाधन्ते विश्वमभिमातिनमप वर्त्मान्येषामनु रीयते घृतम् ॥
Transliteration
gómātaro yác chubháyante añjíbhis tanū́ṣu chubhrā́ dadhire virúkmataḥ | bā́dhante víśvam abhimā́tinam ápa vartmā́ny eṣā́m ánu rī́yate ghṛtám ||
Translation
当以母牛为母者以闪耀的饰物装点其身，并披戴明亮的黄金时，他们驱逐一切来犯的敌意。沿着他们的道路，流淌着澄明的光之精华（ghṛta）；仿佛明净心光的甘露在其后随行。
Word by Word
गोमातरःthe cow-mothers (i.e., the Maruts as having cows/with cows)
गोमातरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootगोमातृ (प्रातिपदिक; गो- + मातृ)
यत्when/that (relative)
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शुभयन्तेthey adorn themselves / they make themselves splendid
शुभयन्ते:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootशुभ् (धातु; ‘to shine/beautify’) → शुभयति (णिच्)
अञ्जिभिःwith unguents/with adornments
अञ्जिभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootअञ्जि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ointment/paint, adornment’)
तनूषुon (their) bodies
तनूषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootतनू (प्रातिपदिक; ‘body, person’)
शुभ्राःbright, splendid
शुभ्राः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bright, white, splendid’)
दधिरेthey have put on / they have assumed
दधिरे:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु; ‘to put, place’) → दधि- (परस्मै/आत्मने RV perf.)
विरुक्मतःhaving bright ornaments
विरुक्मतः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootविरुक्मत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having shining ornaments/brightly adorned’)
बाधन्तेthey repel / they drive away
बाधन्ते:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootबाध् (धातु; ‘to press, oppress, repel’)
विश्वम्all (everything)
विश्वम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (substantive)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘all, entire’)
अभिमातिनम्the assailer/enemy
अभिमातिनम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअभिमातिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘assailing, hostile, enemy’)
अपaway, off
अप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (उपसर्ग/निपात)
वर्त्मानिpaths, tracks
वर्त्मानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवर्त्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘path, track’)
एषाम्of these (of them)
एषाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अनुalong, following
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
रीयतेit flows / it runs
रीयते:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootरी (धातु; ‘to flow, run, move’)
घृतम्ghee (clarified butter)
घृतम्:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootघृत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ghee, clarified butter’)
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