Rig Veda 1.73.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 73, Mantra 2
Sukta 1.73
Rishi: Madhucchandā Vaiśvāmitra (traditional for RV 1.73)
Devata: Agni (likened to Savitṛ)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
देवो न यः सविता सत्यमन्मा क्रत्वा निपाति वृजनानि विश्वा । पुरुप्रशस्तो अमतिर्न सत्य आत्मेव शेवो दिधिषाय्यो भूत् ॥
Transliteration
devó ná yaḥ savitā́ satyá-manmā kratvā́ ni-pā́ti vṛjánāni víśvā | puru-praśastó amátir ná satyá ātméva śévō didhiṣā́yyo bhūt ||
Translation
如同神萨维特里（Savitṛ），其意念为真实；凭其意志，他守护并匡正一切曲折偏邪。多受赞颂者，他非虚妄之心（amati），而是真实；如同内在之我（ātman），他成为应当牢牢执持的慈惠者。
Word by Word
देवःthe god
देवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक) < दिव् ‘दीप्तौ’
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सविताSavitar (the impeller)
सविता:
Kartā (सम्बन्ध/अप्पोज़िशन to यः)
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
सत्यमन्माof true mind, true-minded
सत्यमन्मा:
Kartā (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य-मनस् (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास; प्रातिपदिक)
क्रत्वाby (his) resolve/insight
क्रत्वा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
निपातिdrives down/causes to fall; brings down
निपाति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootनि + पत्
वृजनानिcrookednesses/evils, hostile acts
वृजनानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृजन (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वाall
विश्वा:
Karma (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
पुरुप्रशस्तःmuch-praised, widely lauded
पुरुप्रशस्तः:
Kartā (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरु-प्रशस्त (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
अमतिःlack of thought, folly
अमतिः:
Kartā/उपमान (अगले ‘न’ के साथ)
TypeNoun
Rootअ-मतिः (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-समास)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
सत्यःtrue
सत्यः:
Kartā (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
आत्माself
आत्मा:
Kartā/उपमान (अगले ‘इव’ के साथ)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
इवas, like
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
शेवःkindly, gracious, beneficent
शेवः:
Kartā (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशेव (प्रातिपदिक)
दिधिषाय्यःto be sought/desired; worth aiming at
दिधिषाय्यः:
Kartā (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदिधिषाय्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; desiderative/intentional adjective from √धा ‘धारणे/स्थापने’ with reduplication)
भूत्has become / became
भूत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√भू
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