Atharva Veda 4.21.4: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 4

Sukta 21

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

न ता अर्वा॑ रे॒णुक॑काटोऽश्नुते॒ न सं॑स्कृत॒त्रमुप॑ यन्ति॒ ता अ॒भि। उ॒रु॒गा॒यमभ॑यं॒ तस्य॒ ता अनु॒ गावो॒ मर्त॑स्य॒ वि च॑रन्ति॒ यज्व॑नः

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 4.21.4

IAST Transliteration

ná tā́ arvā́ reṇukakā́ṭo 'śnute ná saṃskṛtatrám úpa yanti tā́ abhí | urugāyám abháyaṃ tásya tā́ ánu gā́vo mártasya ví caranti yájvanaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

No horse—Reṇukakāṭa—overtakes them; no well-laid snare comes up against them. Under the Wide-going One’s fearlessness, after him, the cows of the mortal sacrificer range abroad unhindered.

Translation

Không con ngựa nào—Reṇukakāṭa—đuổi kịp chúng; không chiếc bẫy được sắp đặt kỹ càng nào tiến đến chống lại chúng. Dưới sự vô úy của ‘Đấng đi rộng khắp’ (Urugāya), theo sau Ngài, đàn bò của người tế tự phàm nhân rong đi khắp nơi, không bị ngăn trở.

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Word by Word

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• ताः: those (f.)
• ताः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• अर्वाः: mares / swift mares
• अर्वाः: Kartā (apposition to ताः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्वा

• रेणुककाटः: the ‘reṇukakāṭa’ (a named pest/creature; lit. ‘dust-biter’ type)
• रेणुककाटः: Karma (object of अश्नुते)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रेणुककाट

• अश्नुते: attains / reaches / gets
• अश्नुते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश् (अश्नुते)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• संस्कृतत्रम्: the prepared/ordered state; proper arrangement (lit. ‘well-made-ness’)
• संस्कृतत्रम्: Karma (object of यन्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संस्कृतत्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• उप: towards
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप

• यन्ति: go / come
• यन्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (याति)

• ताः: those (f.)
• ताः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• अभि: towards / against
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि

• उरुगायम्: the far-extending/wide-going one (epithet; ‘wide-striding’)
• उरुगायम्: Karma (object of implied motion/approach)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उरुगाय (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभयम्: fearlessness / safety
• अभयम्: Karma (object/complement: ‘fearlessness’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अभय

• तस्य: of him/it
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• ताः: those (f.)
• ताः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• अनु: after / along
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• गावः: cows
• गावः: Kartā (apposition to ताः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो

• मर्तस्य: of a mortal / of the man
• मर्तस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart / widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि

• चरन्ति: wander / move about / graze
• चरन्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर्

• यज्वनः: of the sacrificer / worshipper
• यज्वनः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्वन्

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition

Devata: Indra (Urugāya) as protector

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: adbhuta