Rig Veda 8.10.5: Mandala 8, Sukta 10, Mantra 5
Sukta 8.10
Rishi: Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage; hymn context)
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (requires verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदद्याश्विनावपाग्यत्प्राक्स्थो वाजिनीवसू । यद्द्रुह्यव्यनवि तुर्वशे यदौ हुवे वामथ मा गतम् ॥
Transliteration
yád adyā́śvināv apā́g yát prā́k stho vājinīvasū | yád druhyávy ánavi turváśe yádau huvé vām átha mā́ ā́ gatam ||
Translation
اگر آج اے اشنوں، تم منہ موڑے ہو، یا مشرق میں دور ہو اے قوت کے فرمانرواؤں، اگر تم درہیو، انو یا تروش کے ساتھ ہو، تو جب میں تمہیں پکارتا ہوں، میرے پاس آؤ میں ناکام نہ کرو۔
Word by Word
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यद्-शब्द
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
अश्विनौthe two Aśvins
अश्विनौ:
Kartā (of implied coming/being invoked)
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अपागिaway, aside, backwards
अपागि:
Adhikaraṇa (direction)
TypeIndeclinable (directional adverb)
Rootअप + अञ्च् (धातु) → अपाञ्च्/अपाग् (directional)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्राक्forward, in front, eastward
प्राक्:
Adhikaraṇa (direction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक् (अव्यय; from प्राञ्च्)
स्थःyou two stand/are stationed
स्थः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
वाजिनीवसूO two rich in prize-winning steeds (wealthy in ‘vājin’ power)
वाजिनीवसू:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवाजिनीवस् (प्रातिपदिक; वाजिन् + वसु)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
द्रुह्यौ(the) Druhyu (tribe/king)
द्रुह्यौ:
Karma
TypeProper noun (tribe)
Rootद्रुह्यु (प्रातिपदिक; tribal name)
अव्यनविhe/it assailed, oppressed
अव्यनवि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअव + यम्/यन् (धातु) → अव्यनवि (RV aorist/preterite form)
तुर्वशेin/against Turvaśa (tribe/king)
तुर्वशे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeProper noun (tribe)
Rootतुर्वश (प्रातिपदिक; tribal name)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
औindeed/oh (particle)
औ:
—
TypeParticle
Rootउ (अव्यय; exclamatory/particle)
हुवेI invoke
हुवे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहू (धातु)
वाम्you two
वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अथthen/now
अथ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध-अव्यय)
गतम्come (you two)
गतम्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
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