Rig Veda 5.42.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 42, Mantra 3
Sukta 5.42
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (medium certainty)
Devata: Savitṛ (primary); also the awakened Kavi principle
Chandas: Jagatī (probable; verification recommended)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उदीरय कवितमं कवीनामुनत्तैनमभि मध्वा घृतेन । स नो वसूनि प्रयता हितानि चन्द्राणि देवः सविता सुवाति ॥
Transliteration
udī́raya kavítamaṃ kavīnā́m unáttainam abhí mádhvā ghṛténa | sá no vásūni práyatā hitā́ni candrā́ṇi deváḥ savitā́ suvāti ||
Translation
درویشوں میں سب سے بڑے درویش کو بلندی پر اٹھاؤ؛ اسے شہد اور روشنی کے گھی سے مسح کرو۔ پھر دیو سوتر ہمارے لیے تیار اور جگہ پر رکھے ہوئے دھن لاتا ہے - روشن، چمکدار روح کی دولت۔
Word by Word
उदीरयraise up / set in motion / utter
उदीरय:
(predicate; governs object ‘कवितमम्’)
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-ईरय (caus. of √ईर्/√ईर ‘to rise, set in motion’)
कवितमम्the most poet-like / best poet
कवितमम्:
Karma (object of ‘उदीरय’)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootकवि (prātipadika) + तम (superlative)
कवीनाम्of the poets
कवीनाम्:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (genitive relation to ‘कवितमम्’)
TypeNoun
Rootकवि
उनत्तhe moistened / anointed
उनत्त:
(predicate; takes object ‘एनम्’)
TypeVerb
Root√उन्द् (to wet, moisten) [Vedic: ‘to anoint, bedew’]
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma (object of ‘उनत्त’)
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (enad-pronoun stem ‘ena-’)
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
Upasarga/Directional (with ‘उनत्त’)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootअभि
मध्वाwith honey / sweetness (mead)
मध्वा:
Karaṇa (instrument of anointing)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु
घृतेनwith ghee
घृतेन:
Karaṇa (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootघृत
सःhe
सः:
Kartā (subject of ‘सुवाति’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
नःto us
नः:
Sampradāna (recipient)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
वसूनिgoods, riches
वसूनि:
Karma (object of ‘सुवाति’)
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
प्रयताproffered, presented
प्रयता:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karma
TypeAdjective (Kṛdanta)
Rootप्र-√यम् (to stretch forth, offer) → ‘प्रयत’ (ppp/adj. ‘presented, offered, extended’)
हितानिlaid down, established
हितानि:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karma
TypeAdjective (Kṛdanta)
Root√धा (to place) → ‘हित’ (ppp ‘placed, set’)
चन्द्राणिbright, splendid
चन्द्राणि:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचन्द्र (adj. ‘shining, bright’)
देवःthe god
देवः:
Apposition to subject ‘सः’ (Kartā)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
सविताSavitar (the Impeller)
सविता:
Apposition to ‘देवः/सः’ (Kartā)
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ
सुवातिimpels / bestows
सुवाति:
(main predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootसु-√वा (to impel, set in motion, bring forth) [Vedic: ‘to bestow/produce’]
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