Rig Veda 5.25.1: Mandala 5, Sukta 25, Mantra 1

Sukta 5.25

Devata: Agni

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अच्छा वो अग्निमवसे देवं गासि स नो वसुः । रासत्पुत्र ऋषूणामृतावा पर्षति द्विषः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.25.1

Transliteration

ácchā vo agním ávase deváṃ gāsi sá no vásuḥ | rāsat putrá ṛṣūṇām ṛtā́vā parṣati dviṣáḥ ||

Translation

Straight to the divine Agni for help you go; he, the Good, shall give us his riches. The Son of the seers, established in the Truth, will carry us beyond the hostile powers.

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Word by Word

• अच्छा: towards, hither to
• अच्छा: Adhikaraṇa (goal/direction of motion) / upapada to गासि
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अच्छा (अव्यय) < *अञ्च्/अच् ‘to go/approach’ (etym.)

• वः: for you (pl.)
• वः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (2nd person pronoun)

• अग्निम्: Agni (the Fire-god)
• अग्निम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि-

• अवसे: for help, for aid
• अवसे: Prayojana/Hetu (purpose-dative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस्-

• देवम्: the god, divine
• देवम्: Karma (apposition to अग्निम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: देव-

• गासि: you sing/praise
• गासि: Kriyā (main verb); implied kartā = त्वम्/यजमानः
• Type: Verb
• Root: गा (धातु) ‘to sing/praise’

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā (of रासत् / पर्षति)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (demonstrative pronoun)

• नः: to us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (1st person pronoun)

• वसुः: a benefactor; wealth-giver
• वसुः: Kartā-samānādhikaraṇa (predicate nominative with सः) / or apposition
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु-

• रासत्: may he give / he should grant
• रासत्: Kriyā (with kartā = सः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रा (धातु) ‘to give, grant’

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Kartā-samānādhikaraṇa (apposition to सः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र-

• ऋषूणाम्: of the swift ones
• ऋषूणाम्: Sambandha (genitive relation to पुत्रः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (genitive plural)
• Root: ऋषु- (Vedic adj./noun ‘swift, impetuous’; also used of ‘seers’ in some contexts, but here ‘swift ones’ is standard)

• ऋतावा: the ṛta-possessing (true/ritual-right) one
• ऋतावा: Kartā-samānādhikaraṇa (apposition to सः/पुत्रः)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: ऋतावन्- (adj. ‘possessing ṛta, true/ritual-orderly’)

• पर्षति: carries across, brings safely over
• पर्षति: Kriyā (with kartā = सः/ऋतावा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पॄ/पृ (धातु) ‘to carry across, bring over, save’ (caus./classical ‘पारयति’; Vedic has simple present ‘पर्षति’)

• द्विषः: haters, enemies
• द्विषः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विष्- (noun from √द्विष् ‘to hate’)