Rig Veda 3.54.13: Mandala 3, Sukta 54, Mantra 13

Sukta 3.54

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Maruts, Sarasvatī, Dhātṛ

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

विद्युद्रथा मरुत ऋष्टिमन्तो दिवो मर्या ऋतजाता अयासः । सरस्वती शृणवन्यज्ञियासो धाता रयिं सहवीरं तुरासः ॥

Transliteration

vidyúd-rathā marúta ṛṣṭi-mánto divó maryā́ ṛtá-jātā ayā́saḥ | sárasvatī śṛṇavan yajñíyāso dhā́tā rayíṃ sahá-vīraṃ turāsaḥ ||

Translation

Maruts with lightning for chariots, spear-bearing youths of heaven, born of the Truth and tireless—may they hear. May Sarasvatī hear, worthy of the offering; may Dhātṛ, O swift ones, establish for us the spiritual richness with heroic energies.

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Word by Word

• विद्युद्रथाः: having lightning as their chariots
• विद्युद्रथाः: विशेषणम् (कर्तृपदस्य) / Kartā (with मरुतः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विद्युत्-रथ (समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• मरुतः: the Maruts
• मरुतः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋष्टिमन्तः: spear-bearing
• ऋष्टिमन्तः: विशेषणम् (मरुतः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋष्टि- + -मन्त (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/तद्धित)

• दिवः: of heaven / of the sky
• दिवः: सम्बन्ध (genitive) / Adhikaraṇa (source-domain sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौः (प्रातिपदिक)

• मर्याः: young men, heroes
• मर्याः: Kartā (apposition to मरुतः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतजाताः: born of ṛta (cosmic order), rightly-born
• ऋतजाताः: विशेषणम् (मरुतः/मर्याः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋत-जात (समास; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त)

• अयासः: unwearied, tireless
• अयासः: विशेषणम् (मरुतः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अयास (प्रातिपदिक)

• सरस्वती: Sarasvatī
• सरस्वती: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)

• शृणवन्: may (she/they) hear
• शृणवन्: Kriyā (imperative addressed to Sarasvatī/Deities)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)

• यज्ञियासः: worthy of sacrifice, to be worshipped
• यज्ञियासः: Kartā (with धाता) / or appositional epithet
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यज्ञिय (प्रातिपदिक; यज्ञ + य)

• धाता: the Creator/Ordainer (Dhātṛ)
• धाता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातृ (प्रातिपदिक; √धा ‘to set/establish’ से)

• रयिम्: wealth
• रयिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सहवीरम्: with brave men / accompanied by heroes
• सहवीरम्: विशेषणम् (रयिम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सह-वीर (समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• तुरासः: the impetuous/strong ones
• तुरासः: Kartā (vocative-like address in sense) / apposition to मरुतः
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: तुरास (प्रातिपदिक; मरुत्-विशेषण)