Rig Veda 3.44.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 44, Mantra 2

Sukta 3.44

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Indra (as illuminator; linked with Dawn/Sun imagery)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

हर्यन्नुषसमर्चयः सूर्यं हर्यन्नरोचयः । विद्वाँश्चिकित्वान्हर्यश्व वर्धस इन्द्र विश्वा अभि श्रियः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.44.2

Transliteration

háryann uṣásam arcayaḥ sū́ryaṃ háryann arocayaḥ | vidvā́ṃś cikitvā́n haryáśva vardhase índra víśvā abhi śríyaḥ ||

Translation

With the tawny ardor you hymn the Dawn; with the tawny ardor you make the Sun to shine forth. Knowing, discerning, O Indra of tawny steeds, you grow into all splendors—into every power of luminous fulfilment.

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Word by Word

• ह॒र्यन्: (O Indra) having tawny/greenish (horses), tawny one
• ह॒र्यन्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक) / √हृ (हरति) (अर्थ-आधार)

• नु: now; indeed
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु

• उषसम्: Dawn
• उषसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्चयः: you praised; you sang to
• अर्चयः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्च् (अर्चति)

• सूर्यम्: the Sun
• सूर्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• ह॒र्यन्: tawny one; having tawny steeds
• ह॒र्यन्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक) / √हृ (हरति) (अर्थ-आधार)

• अरोचयः: you caused to shine; you made bright
• अरोचयः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रुच् (रोचते/रोचयति)

• विद्वान्: knowing; wise
• विद्वान्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √विद् (वेद) → विद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• चिकित्वान्: discerning; intelligent
• चिकित्वान्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √चित् (चेतति) → चिकित्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• हर्यश्व: O you of tawny horses
• हर्यश्व: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: हर्यश्व (समास: हरि + अश्व)

• वर्धसे: you grow; you increase
• वर्धसे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् (वर्धते/वर्धयति)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वाः: all
• विश्वाः: Kartā (with implied ‘श्रियाḥ’ as head-noun)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards; upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अभि

• श्रियः: splendors; prosperities; glories
• श्रियः: Kartā (of implied ‘(सन्ति/आयान्ति)’ or as goal of ‘वर्धसे’ in sense ‘increase in splendors’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)