Rig Veda 10.88.5: Mandala 10, Sukta 88, Mantra 5

Sukta 10.88

Devata: Agni (Jātavedas / Vaiśvānara complex in the hymn-context)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires full hymn metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यज्जातवेदो भुवनस्य मूर्धन्नतिष्ठो अग्ने सह रोचनेन । तं त्वाहेम मतिभिर्गीर्भिरुक्थैः स यज्ञियो अभवो रोदसिप्राः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.88.5

Transliteration

yaj jātavedo bhuvanasya mūrdhann atiṣṭho agne saha rocanena | taṃ tvāhem matibhir gīrbhir ukthaiḥ sa yajñiyo abhavo rodasiprāḥ ||

Translation

When, O Jātavedas, you stood upon the head of the worlds, O Agni, together with the luminous radiance, then we sought you with our thought-forces, with our inspired speech and with our hymns of affirmation; thus you became the power fit for sacrifice, filling and widening Heaven and Earth.

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Word by Word

• यत्: when/that (insofar as)
• यत्: Adhikaraṇa (सम्बन्ध/हेतु-निर्देश)
• Type: Indeclinable/Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा यद्-सम्बन्धी अव्यय

• जातवेदः: O Jātavedas (Agni, ‘knower of births’)
• जातवेदः: (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: जातवेदस् (प्रातिपदिक; अग्नि-विशेषण) < जात (√जन्) + वेदस् (√विद्)

• भुवनस्य: of the world/being
• भुवनस्य: Sambandha (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन (प्रातिपदिक) < √भू

• मूर्धन्: the head/top
• मूर्धन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अतिष्ठः: you stood/rose over
• अतिष्ठः: Kartā (क्रिया; कर्ता = त्वम्/अग्ने)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्था (तिष्ठति) + अति- (उपसर्ग)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सह: together with
• सह: Karaṇa (सह-योगे साधन/सहचर्य)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)

• रोचनेन: with (your) radiance/light
• रोचनेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोचन (प्रातिपदिक) < √रुच्

• तम्: that/you (as object: ‘you’)
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अहेम: we have spoken/uttered (praise)
• अहेम: Kartā (वयं)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अह्/√अह (वैदिक: ‘कथयति/उच्चरति/प्रशंसति’), 1st pl. injunctive/aorist form

• मतिभिः: with thoughts/intentions
• मतिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मति (प्रातिपदिक) < √मन्

• गीर्भिः: with songs/hymns
• गीर्भिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गीर्/गिर् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘स्तुति/वाणी’

• उक्थैः: with recitations/solemn chants
• उक्थैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उक्थ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘स्तोत्र/पाठ’

• सः: he/you (that one)
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• यज्ञियः: worthy of sacrifice/adoration
• यज्ञियः: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यज्ञिय (प्रातिपदिक) < यज्ञ

• अभवः: you became
• अभवः: Kartā (त्वम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू

• रोदसी: the two worlds (heaven and earth)
• रोदसी: Adhikaraṇa (व्याप्ति/संबन्ध: ‘in/over the two worlds’)
• Type: Noun (dual)
• Root: रोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; द्यावा-पृथिवी) < रुद्/रुद्-सम्बन्धी

• प्राः: filling/pervading (the two worlds)
• प्राः: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (Vedic)
• Root: प्रा (वैदिक विशेषण/अव्यय-तद्धित; ‘पूरयन्/व्याप्नुवन्’ अर्थे, √पॄ/√प्रा-सम्बन्ध)